Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Different noxious agents, among them also anticancer therapies, can impair intestinal epithelial integrity triggering inflammation and oxidative stress. A frequent complication of chemotherapy is gastrointestinal mucositis, strongly influencing the effectiveness of therapy, increasing healthcare costs, and impairing patients’ quality of life. Different strategies are used to treat gastrointestinal mucositis, including products from natural sources. Our study focused on the effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice extract on IEC-6 cells, both during inflammatory conditions and following treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The polyphenolic profile of pomegranate juice was characterized in detail by Online Comprehensive two dimensional Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The evaluation of pomegranate juice extract in IEC-6 indicates a significant inhibition in proinflammatory factors, such as cytokines release, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitrotyrosine formation. Pomegranate also inhibited oxidative stress and adhesion protein expression. In 5-FU-treated IEC-6, pomegranate also inhibited both inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters and apoptosis. It promoted wound repair and tight junction expression. These results suggest a potential use of pomegranate as an adjuvant in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory and oxidative stress states, which also occur during chemotherapy-induced mucositis.

中文翻译：

---

石榴汁中的生物活性多酚可减少5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的肠上皮细胞中的肠粘膜炎。

肠上皮细胞（IEC）在维持肠内稳态方面起着关键作用。不同的有毒物质（包括抗癌药）也可能损害肠道上皮的完整性，从而引发炎症和氧化应激。化疗的常见并发症是胃肠道粘膜炎，强烈影响治疗的有效性，增加医疗保健费用并损害患者的生活质量。用于治疗胃肠道粘膜炎的策略多种多样，包括天然来源的产品。我们的研究集中在石榴的功效（石榴石榴 L.）在炎症条件下以及在用5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）处理后在IEC-6细胞上提取汁液。石榴汁的多酚谱通过在线全面二维液相色谱-质谱法进行了详细描述。对IEC-6中石榴汁提取物的评估表明，对促炎因子（如细胞因子释放，环氧合酶2和诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达以及硝基酪氨酸的形成）有明显的抑制作用。石榴还抑制氧化应激和粘附蛋白表达。在5-FU处理的IEC-6中，石榴还抑制了炎症和氧化应激参数以及细胞凋亡。它促进伤口修复和紧密连接表达。