Calcium propionate is a safe and reliable food and feed additive. It can be metabolized and absorbed by humans and animals as a precursor for glucose synthesis. In addition, calcium propionate provides essential calcium to mammals. In the perinatal period of dairy cows, many cows cannot adjust to the tremendous metabolic, endocrine, and physiological changes, resulting in ketosis and fatty liver due to a negative energy balance (NEB) or milk fever induced by hypocalcemia. On hot weather days, cow feed (TMR or silage) is susceptible to mildew, which produces mycotoxins. These two issues are closely related to dairy health and performance. Perinatal period metabolic disease significantly reduces cow production and increases the elimination rate because it causes major glucose and calcium deficiencies. Feeding a diet contaminated with mycotoxin leads to rumen metabolic disorders, a reduced reproductive rate (increased abortion rate), an increased number of milk somatic cells, and decreased milk production, as well as an increased occurrence of mastitis and hoof disease. Propionic acid is the primary gluconeogenic precursor in dairy cows and one of the safest mold inhibitors. Therefore, calcium propionate, which can be hydrolyzed into propionic acid and Ca²⁺ in the rumen, may be a good feed additive for alleviating NEB and milk fever in the perinatal period of dairy cows. It can also be used to inhibit TMR or silage deterioration in hot weather and regulate rumen development in calves. This paper reviews the application of calcium propionate in dairy cows.

中文翻译：

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丙酸钙在奶牛中的应用研究：综述。


丙酸钙是一种安全可靠的食品和饲料添加剂。它可以作为葡萄糖合成的前体被人类和动物代谢和吸收。此外，丙酸钙为哺乳动物提供必需的钙。在奶牛的围产期，许多奶牛无法适应巨大的代谢、内分泌和生理变化，导致能量负平衡（NEB）或低钙血症引起的乳热，导致酮症和脂肪肝。在炎热的天气里，奶牛饲料（TMR 或青贮饲料）容易发霉，产生霉菌毒素。这两个问题与乳制品的健康和​​性能密切相关。围产期代谢疾病会导致严重的葡萄糖和钙缺乏，从而显着降低奶牛的产量并增加淘汰率。饲喂受霉菌毒素污染的饲料，会导致瘤胃代谢紊乱、繁殖率降低（流产率增加）、乳体细胞数量增多、产奶量减少，以及乳腺炎和蹄病的发生率增加。丙酸是奶牛中主要的糖异生前体，也是最安全的霉菌抑制剂之一。因此，丙酸钙在瘤胃中可水解为丙酸和Ca ²⁺ ，可能是缓解奶牛围产期NEB和奶热的良好饲料添加剂。它还可用于抑制炎热天气下的 TMR 或青贮饲料变质并调节犊牛瘤胃发育。本文综述了丙酸钙在奶牛上的应用。