The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathological injury and the expression of heat shock proteins in the caprine lung, trachea and bronchus under transport stress. 12 healthy male goats were selected and randomly divided into three groups. The control group (non‐transported group), 2 hr transport‐treated group and 6 hr transport‐treated group. Morphological changes as well as the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs, mainly HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90) in three parts of the respiratory tract were examined. Our results showed swollen mucosa and congestive blood vessels in mucous layer and submucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration as well as degeneration and necrosis of mucosal epithelial cells in trachea and bronchus of the transport‐treated groups. The epithelial cells were degenerated, and the exfoliated cells and debris could be seen in the alveolar cavity. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that HSP27 and HSP70 were strongly expressed in tracheal and bronchial epithelium, glandular epithelium, vascular endothelium and bronchiole epithelium. And the amount of positive inflammatory cells was increased in transport‐treated groups. Western blot results indicated that the expression of all three proteins had no obvious difference among the three groups in bronchi (p > .05). In trachea, there was no significant difference in the expression of heat shock proteins among the three groups except that the expression of HSP70 which was obviously higher in the two transported groups than the control group (p < .05). The expression level of HSP70 in the 2 hr transport‐treated group was significantly higher than the 6 hr group (p < .05) and control groups (p < .05). However, there was no significant difference in the expression level of HSP27 and HSP90 in three groups (p > .05). In conclusion, our data showed that transport stress could damage the caprine respiratory system.

中文翻译：

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运输应激对山羊呼吸系统病理损伤及主要热休克蛋白表达的影响.

本研究的目的是研究运输应激下山羊肺、气管和支气管的病理损伤和热休克蛋白的表达。选取健康公山羊12只，随机分为三组。对照组（非转运组）、2小时转运组和6小时转运组。检查了呼吸道三个部位的形态学变化以及热休克蛋白（HSP，主要是 HSP27、HSP70 和 HSP90）的表达。我们的结果显示，转运治疗组的粘膜层和粘膜下层粘膜肿胀和血管充血，炎症细胞浸润以及气管和支气管粘膜上皮细胞变性和坏死。上皮细胞退化，肺泡腔内可见脱落细胞和碎屑。免疫组化结果显示HSP27和HSP70在气管和支气管上皮、腺上皮、血管内皮和细支气管上皮中均有强表达。并且在转运治疗组中阳性炎症细胞的数量增加。Western blot结果表明，三组间支气管内3种蛋白的表达均无明显差异（p  > .05）。在气管中，除了HSP70的表达在两个转运组中明显高于对照组外，三组之间热休克蛋白的表达没有显着差异（p  < .05）。2 小时转运治疗组 HSP70 的表达水平显着高于 6 小时组 ( p  < .05) 和对照组 ( p  < .05)。但三组中HSP27和HSP90的表达水平无显着差异（p  > .05）。总之，我们的数据表明，运输压力可能会损害山羊的呼吸系统。