This study investigated the extraction of betalains from red beet by an ultrasound‐assisted process using water as solvent. For this purpose, the effect of time and temperature on ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) was evaluated, and together the effect of ultrasound on the process was investigated by comparing the results with orbital shaking extraction (OSE). From the ideal conditions of these parameters, defined in the UAE, the effects of the ultrasound power and the solvent/sample ratio were evaluated and the experimental data obtained in the kinetics with different solvent/sample ratios were correlated with the diffusion coefficient of betalain in water. The results showed that the betalains content present in the extract decreased with temperature and the same occurred with the increase in time at higher temperatures, therefore, 30°C and 30 min were the first conditions established. Under these conditions, the UAE showed better results in obtaining betalain compared to OSE. The increase in ultrasound power improved the extraction and 83 W was sufficient for maximum removal of the compounds. The highest betalains content was obtained using solvent/sample ratio of 75 ml/g and this result is attributed to the highest diffusion coefficients determined in this condition. This extract showed high sugar content, being sucrose the main component (~96%), and also exhibits high antioxidant activity by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP methods.

中文翻译：

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超声辅助提取红甜菜色素（Beta vulgaris L.）：操作参数和动力学模型的影响

这项研究调查了使用水作为溶剂的超声辅助工艺从红甜菜中提取甜菜碱的方法。为此，评估了时间和温度对超声辅助提取（UAE）的影响，并通过与轨道摇动提取（OSE）的结果进行比较，研究了超声对过程的影响。根据阿联酋定义的这些参数的理想条件，评估了超声功率和溶剂/样品比的影响，并以不同溶剂/样品比的动力学获得的实验数据与甜菜碱在水中的扩散系数相关。水。结果表明，在较高温度下，提取物中存在的甜菜碱含量随温度降低而降低，随着温度的升高，其含量也随时间的增加而增加。首先确定的条件是30°C和30分钟。在这些条件下，与OSE相比，阿联酋在获得甜菜碱方面显示出更好的结果。超声功率的增加改善了提取效果，并且83 W足以最大限度地去除化合物。使用75 ml / g的溶剂/样品比率可获得最高的甜菜碱含量，该结果归因于在此条件下测定的最高扩散系数。该提取物显示出高糖含量，是蔗糖的主要成分（〜96％），并且通过ABTS，DPPH和FRAP方法显示出高抗氧化活性。使用75 ml / g的溶剂/样品比率可获得最高的甜菜碱含量，该结果归因于在此条件下测定的最高扩散系数。该提取物显示出高糖含量，是蔗糖的主要成分（〜96％），并且通过ABTS，DPPH和FRAP方法显示出高抗氧化活性。使用75 ml / g的溶剂/样品比率可获得最高的甜菜碱含量，该结果归因于在此条件下测定的最高扩散系数。该提取物显示出高糖含量，是蔗糖的主要成分（〜96％），并且通过ABTS，DPPH和FRAP方法显示出高抗氧化活性。