Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a new therapeutic tool for numerous types of cancer. Neurological complications have been reported in 1% of patients who have undergone checkpoint inhibition therapy. ICIs-induced encephalitides occur in 0.1-0.2% of patients within weeks after ICIs initiation; are usually seronegative and have nonspecific changes on imaging, CSF and electroencephalogram (EEG) studies. Early recognition and prompt treatment are important to prevent significant morbidity and mortality. We present a case of nivolumab-induced encephalitis with very subtle clinical symptoms and full recovery following ICIs suspension and steroids.

中文翻译：

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纳武单抗引起的血清阴性脑炎

免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 已成为多种癌症的新治疗工具。在接受检查点抑制治疗的患者中，有 1% 的患者报告了神经系统并发症。0.1-0.2% 的患者在 ICI 启动后数周内发生 ICI 诱发的脑炎；通常为血清阴性，并且在影像学、CSF 和脑电图 (EEG) 研究中具有非特异性变化。早期识别和及时治疗对于预防显着的发病率和死亡率很重要。我们介绍了 nivolumab 诱发的脑炎病例，临床症状非常微妙，并且在 ICI 暂停和类固醇治疗后完全康复。