Sleep maintains the function of the entire body through homeostasis. Chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) is a prime health concern in the modern world. Previous reports have shown that CSD has profound negative effects on brain vasculature at both the cellular and molecular levels, and that this is a major cause of cognitive dysfunction and early vascular ageing. However, correlations among sleep deprivation (SD), brain vascular changes and ageing have barely been looked into. This review attempts to correlate the alterations in the levels of major neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, adrenaline, GABA and glutamate) and signalling molecules (Sirt1, PGC1α, FOXO, P66^shc, PARP1) in SD and changes in brain vasculature, cognitive dysfunction and early ageing. It also aims to connect SD-induced loss in the number of dendritic spines and their effects on alterations in synaptic plasticity, cognitive disabilities and early vascular ageing based on data available in scientific literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first article providing a pathophysiological basis to link SD to brain vascular ageing.

睡眠通过体内平衡维持整个身体的功能。慢性睡眠剥夺（CSD）是现代世界中最主要的健康问题。先前的报道表明，CSD在细胞和分子水平上均对脑血管具有严重的负面影响，这是认知功能障碍和早期血管老化的主要原因。然而，几乎没有研究睡眠剥夺（SD），脑血管变化和衰老之间的相关性。这项审查试图关联主要神经递质（乙酰胆碱，肾上腺素，GABA和谷氨酸）和信号分子（Sirt1，PGC1α，FOXO，P66 ^{shc）水平的变化。}，PARP1）和SD以及脑血管，认知功能障碍和早期衰老的变化。它还旨在根据科学文献中的数据，将SD引起的树突棘数量减少及其对突触可塑性，认知障碍和早期血管衰老的变化的影响联系起来。就我们所知，这是第一篇提供将SD与脑血管衰老联系起来的病理生理基础的文章。