Abstract — In recent years, the unique physico-mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers. The thermodynamic characteristic study of these materials for formulating the formative principles of structures with necessary functional characteristics is an interesting topic. HEAs are referred to a special group of alloys because they are characterized by significantly different structure and phase formation processes, diffusion mobility of atoms, formation of mechanical properties, and thermal stability when compared to their conventional counterparts. High-entropy alloys based on transition refractory materials, such as Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W, are particularly interesting to consider. Light metals, such as Ti, V, and Cr, are chosen for reducing the mass density. Whereas refractory metals, such as Nb, Ta, and W, are primarily responsible for the strength characteristics of the entire material. This paper presents a brief overview of the results of testing high-entropy alloys at a new laboratory of the Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMET UB RAS) in 2019. The two groups of alloys tested were AlNbTiVZr HEAs with easily fusible aluminum and (Ti,V)ZrNbHf(Ta,W) HEAs with solely refractory transition metals. For the first group of HEAs at varying component ratios, the tests determined the existence limits of disordered regions of solid solution, as well as the intermetallic regions typical of this system. The predicted phase composition, properties, and structure of the second group were determined by quantum chemical calculations, involving first-principle molecular dynamics. The prediction showed that the formation of disordered solid solution in the foregoing systems with or without concrete chemical elements was either possible or unlikely.

中文翻译：

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高熵合金的制备、性能及实际应用

摘要 — 近年来，高熵合金（HEAs）独特的物理力学性能越来越受到研究人员的关注。这些材料的热力学特性研究用于制定具有必要功能特性的结构的形成原理是一个有趣的话题。HEA 被称为一组特殊的合金，因为与传统合金相比，它们具有显着不同的结构和相形成过程、原子的扩散迁移率、机械性能的形成和热稳定性。基于过渡耐火材料（如 Ti、V、Cr、Zr、Nb、Mo、Hf、Ta 和 W）的高熵合金特别值得考虑。选择轻金属，例如 Ti、V 和 Cr，以降低质量密度。而难熔金属，如 Nb、Ta 和 W，主要负责整个材料的强度特性。本文简要介绍了俄罗斯科学院乌拉尔分院冶金研究所（IMET UB RAS）新实验室2019年高熵合金测试结果。测试的两组合金为AlNbTiVZr含有易熔铝的 HEA 和仅含有难熔过渡金属的 (Ti,V)ZrNbHf(Ta,W) HEA。对于第一组不同组分比例的 HEA，测试确定了固溶体无序区域的存在极限，以及该系统典型的金属间区域。第二组的预测相组成、性质和结构由量子化学计算确定，涉及第一性原理分子动力学。预测表明，在有或没有具体化学元素的上述系统中形成无序固溶体是可能的，也可能是不可能的。