Abstract—Ultrasonic nondestructive testing has been widely used in the detection and evaluation of fatigue cracks and defects of high-speed railway. In order to improve the detection speed of cylindrical components such as rims, a theoretical model of the forward vector algorithm of ultrasonic immersion curved surface is established. For improving image quality, an averaging correction factor is introduced in this paper to avoid multiple irradiation of the same pixel by the same element, and the visualization of cylindrical components with internal defects is realized by simulation and experiment. The traditional synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), Newton iterative synthetic aperture (NISA) and ultrasonic forward vector algorithm (UFVA) are compared and analyzed on the aspects of imaging effect, array performance index (API) and imaging efficiency. Compared with the other two algorithms, the ultrasonic forward vector algorithm can effectively overcome the iteration of calculation of the refraction point and improve the imaging efficiency. The efficiency is improved by 2 and 1 orders of magnitude respectively while imaging quality is guaranteed. At the same time, this algorithm plays an important role on the measurement of the inner and outer diameter of the rim, the defect detection, and the quantitative analysis of the surface wear, which provides an effective means for the rapid detection of internal defects of the regular curved parts.

中文翻译：

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超声浸没前向矢量算法在圆柱部件中进行合成孔径成像

摘要超声波无损检测已广泛用于检测和评估高速铁路的疲劳裂纹和缺陷。为了提高轮辋等圆柱形零件的检测速度，建立了超声波浸没曲面正向矢量算法的理论模型。为了提高图像质量，本文引入了平均校正因子，以避免同一元素对同一像素进行多次照射，并通过仿真和实验实现了具有内部缺陷的圆柱组件的可视化。对传统的合成孔径聚焦技术（SAFT），牛顿迭代合成孔径（NISA）和超声前向矢量算法（UFVA）进行了成像效果方面的比较和分析，阵列性能指标（API）和成像效率。与其他两种算法相比，超声前向矢量算法可以有效地克服折射点计算的迭代问题，提高成像效率。在保证成像质量的同时，效率分别提高了2个和1个数量级。同时，该算法在轮辋内外径的测量，缺陷的检测以及表面磨损的定量分析中起着重要的作用，为快速检测轮辋的内部缺陷提供了有效的手段。规则的弯曲部分。在保证成像质量的同时，效率分别提高了2个和1个数量级。同时，该算法在轮辋内外径的测量，缺陷的检测以及表面磨损的定量分析中起着重要的作用，为快速检测轮辋的内部缺陷提供了有效的手段。规则的弯曲部分。在保证成像质量的同时，效率分别提高了2个和1个数量级。同时，该算法在轮辋内外径的测量，缺陷的检测以及表面磨损的定量分析中起着重要的作用，为快速检测轮辋的内部缺陷提供了有效的手段。规则的弯曲部分。