Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)-induced hyperthermia is capable of heating the tumor without side effects. In this technique, the tumor temperature is elevated to 41–43 °C from a normal temperature of 37 °C of the body. The Pennes' bio-heat transfer equation is widely used to transfer heat in living organs with blood perfusion rate. The elevated temperature destroys cancer cells and keeps normal cells harmless. This state-of-the-art review describes the basic physical mechanisms behind this treatment modality and recent advances in the mathematical modeling approach toward this therapy. Firstly, we throw light on different MNPs applicable in hyperthermia, heat generation mechanism, basic parameters affecting the efficiency of heating, thermophysical properties of MNPs, in vivo studies, and clinical studies. Secondly, we have discussed in detail the mathematical modeling of hyperthermia including analytical solutions, computational modeling, and prominent optimization techniques applied in thermotherapy. We shortly discuss hyperthermia integrated with chemotherapy, laser therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. In the end, we narrate some major challenges and opportunities for hyperthermia and discussed future directions.

磁性纳米粒子（MNP）引起的热疗能够加热肿瘤而无副作用。在这种技术中，肿瘤的温度从人体的正常温度37°C升高到41–43°C。Pennes的生物热传递方程式被广泛用于以血液灌注速率传递生物器官中的热量。高温破坏癌细胞并保持正常细胞无害。这项最新的综述描述了这种治疗方式背后的基本物理机制，以及针对该疗法的数学建模方法的最新进展。首先，我们将重点介绍适用于热疗的不同MNP，发热机理，影响加热效率的基本参数，MNP的热物理性质，体内研究和临床研究。其次，我们已经详细讨论了热疗的数学模型，包括分析解决方案，计算模型以及在热疗中应用的出色优化技术。我们不久将讨论与化学疗法，激光疗法，放射疗法和免疫疗法相结合的热疗。最后，我们叙述了热疗的一些主要挑战和机遇，并讨论了未来的发展方向。