Research with adults suggests that we interpret the internal states of others from kinematic cues, using models calibrated to our own action experiences. Changes in action production that occur during adolescence may therefore have implications for adolescents' understanding of others. Here we examined whether, like adults, adolescents use velocity cues to determine others' emotions and whether any differences in emotion perception would be those predicted based on differences in action production. We measured preferred walking velocity in groups of early (11-12 years old), middle (13-14 years old), and late (16-18 years old) adolescents, as well as adults, and recorded their perception of happy, angry, and sad "point-light walkers." Preferred walking velocity decreased across age, and ratings of emotional stimuli with manipulated velocity demonstrated that all groups used velocity cues to determine emotion. Importantly, the relative intensity ratings of different emotions also differed across development in a manner that was predicted based on the group differences in walking velocity. Further regression analyses demonstrated that emotion perception was predicted by participants' own movement velocity, rather than age or pubertal stage per se. These results suggest that changes in action production across adolescence are indeed accompanied by corresponding changes in how emotions are perceived from velocity. These findings indicate the importance of examining differences in action production across development when interpreting differences in how individuals understand others. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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整个青春期动作运动学与情绪感知之间的关联。

对成年人的研究表明，我们可以使用根据自己的行动经验校准的模型，从运动学线索解释他人的内部状态。因此，青春期行动产生的变化可能会影响青少年对他人的理解。在这里，我们检查了青少年是否像成年人一样，使用速度线索来确定其他人的情绪，以及情绪感知的任何差异是否是根据行动产生的差异来预测的。我们测量了早（11-12岁），中（13-14岁）和晚（16-18岁）青少年以及成年人的首选步行速度，并记录了他们对快乐，生气的感觉和悲伤的“点光步行者”。偏好的步行速度随着年龄的增长而降低，情绪刺激与速度控制的等级表明，所有组都使用速度提示来确定情绪。重要的是，不同情绪的相对强度等级在整个发展过程中也存在差异，这种差异是根据步行速度的群体差异来预测的。进一步的回归分析表明，情绪感知是由参与者自己的运动速度预测的，而不是年龄或青春期本身。这些结果表明，整个青春期动作产生的变化确实伴随着从速度感知情绪的方式的相应变化。这些发现表明，在解释个体对他人的理解方式上的差异时，研究整个发展过程中行动产品差异的重要性。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，