That racial/ethnic discrimination has adverse physical and psychological consequences, including stress, anxiety, depression, and their attendant health effects, is well documented. However, the particular dimensions within the broad construct of discrimination and their role in mental health are less well understood. This study investigates the dimensions of discrimination and explores their relation to depression and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms. Using the Brief Perceived Ethnic/Racial Discrimination Questionnaire-Community Version, discrimination experiences were assessed among a community sample of African American and Latinx participants (N = 500). Factor analyses revealed 4 dimensions: Social Rejection, Stereotyping, Direct Threats/Attacks, and Police Mistreatment. In multivariate analyses, full regression models were significantly related to PTS and depression symptoms. Among the individual predictors, Social Rejection and ethnicity (Latinx) uniquely contributed to PTS symptoms in men, whereas Stereotyping and Direct Threat/Attack were associated with PTS symptoms for women. In regards to depressive symptoms, income, ethnicity (Latinx), and Social Rejection were significant predictors for men, while Social Rejection had an independent contribution for women. Thus, social rejection emerged as a significant unique predictor in 3 of the four models, suggesting that social ostracism may be a particularly harmful aspect of discrimination. Implications of these findings include the use of proactive and intervention strategies that emphasize a sense of belonging and mitigate the effects of exclusion and rejection. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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种族/族裔歧视：在美国边缘化的城市人口中，心理健康症状的维度及其相关性。

种族/族裔歧视会对身体和心理产生不利影响，包括压力，焦虑，抑郁及其伴随的健康影响，这一点已得到充分证明。但是，人们对这种广泛的歧视结构中的特定方面及其在心理健康中的作用了解得很少。这项研究调查了歧视的维度，并探讨了其与抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTS）症状的关系。使用简要感知到的种族/种族歧视问卷-社区版本，对非裔美国人和拉丁裔参与者的社区样本（N = 500）进行了歧视经历评估。因素分析揭示了四个方面：社会排斥，刻板印象，直接威胁/攻击和警察虐待。在多元分析中，完全回归模型与PTS和抑郁症状显着相关。在个体预测因素中，社交排斥和种族（Latinx）是男性PTS症状的唯一原因，而刻板印象和直接威胁/攻击与女性的PTS症状相关。关于抑郁症状，收入，种族（Latinx）和社会排斥是男性的重要预测指标，而社会排斥对女性有独立的贡献。因此，社会排斥在四个模型中的三个模型中成为重要的独特预测因子，表明社会排斥是歧视的一个特别有害的方面。这些发现的含义包括使用积极主动的干预策略，强调归属感并减轻排斥和排斥的影响。