The present study examined the effects of aging and CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on the ability to control production of unexpected words in connected speech elicited by reading aloud. Fifty-two cognitively healthy participants aged 66-86 read aloud 6 paragraphs with 10 malapropisms including 5 on content words (e.g., "window cartons" that elicited autocorrect errors to "window curtains") and 5 on function words (e.g., "thus concept" that elicited autocorrections to "this concept") and completed a battery of neuropsychological tests including a standardized Stroop task. Reading aloud elicited more autocorrect errors on function than content words, but these were equally correlated with age and Aβ1-42 levels. The ability to stop autocorrect errors declined in aging and with lower (more AD-like) levels of Aβ1-42, and multiplicatively so, such that autocorrect errors were highest in the oldest-old with the lowest Aβ1-42 levels. Critically, aging effects were significant even when controlling statistically for Aβ1-42. Finally, both autocorrect and Stroop errors were correlated with Aβ1-42, but only autocorrect errors captured unique variance in predicting Aβ1-42 levels. Reading aloud requires simultaneous planning and monitoring of upcoming speech. These results suggest that healthy aging leads to decline in the ability to intermittently monitor for and detect conflict during speech planning and that subtle cognitive changes in preclinical AD magnify this aging deficit. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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如果不能阻止大声朗读中的自动更正错误，就会加速衰老，尤其是在阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物呈阳性的情况下。

本研究探讨了衰老和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的脑脊液生物标志物对控制朗读引发的连贯语音中意外单词产生的能力的影响。52 名年龄在 66-86 岁、认知健康的参与者大声朗读 6 个段落，其中有 10 个错误，其中 5 个是实词（例如，“window cartons”，引发自动更正错误为“window Curtains”），5 个功能词（例如，“thus Concept”） ”，引发对“这个概念”的自动更正）并完成了一系列神经心理学测试，包括标准化斯特鲁普任务。与实词相比，大声朗读会引发更多的功能自动更正错误，但这些错误与年龄和 Aβ1-42 水平同样相关。随着年龄的增长和 Aβ1-42 水平的降低（更像 AD），阻止自动更正错误的能力会下降，而且 Aβ1-42 水平较低的老年人中自动更正错误最高。重要的是，即使对 Aβ1-42 进行统计控制，衰老效应仍然显着。最后，自动更正错误和 Stroop 错误都与 Aβ1-42 相关，但只有自动更正错误捕获了预测 Aβ1-42 水平的独特方差。朗读需要同时计划和监控即将到来的演讲。这些结果表明，健康的衰老会导致在言语计划过程中间歇性监测和检测冲突的能力下降，而临床前 AD 中微妙的认知变化会放大这种衰老缺陷。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。