The top quark is the heaviest elementary particle known. It has been proposed many times that new physics beyond the current theory of elementary particles may reveal itself in top quark interactions. The charge asymmetry in the pair production of a fermion and its antiparticle has been known for many decades. Early measurements of such asymmetry in top quark pair production showed a disagreement with the prediction by more than 3 standard deviations. Many years of an effort on both experimental and theoretical side have allowed to understand the top quark pair charge asymmetry better and to bring back the agreement between the measurements and the theory. In this article, these efforts are reviewed together with the discussion about a potential future of such measurements.

中文翻译：

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顶夸克对产生中的电荷不对称

顶夸克是已知的最重的基本粒子。已经多次提出，超越当前基本粒子理论的新物理学可能会在顶夸克相互作用中显现出来。费米子及其反粒子的配对产生中的电荷不对称性已为人所知数十年。对顶夸克对产生的这种不对称性的早期测量表明，与预测的不一致超过 3 个标准偏差。多年来在实验和理论方面的努力使人们能够更好地理解顶夸克对电荷的不对称性，并恢复测量与理论之间的一致性。在本文中，这些努力与有关此类测量的潜在未来的讨论一起进行了回顾。