Two fatty acid synthase genes from the integument contribute to cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and cuticle permeability in Locusta migratoria.,Insect Molecular Biology

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Two fatty acid synthase genes from the integument contribute to cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and cuticle permeability in Locusta migratoria.
Insect Molecular Biology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-02 , DOI: 10.1111/imb.12665
Y Yang _{1,

2} , X Zhao ₁ , N Niu _{1,

2} , Y Zhao _{1,

2} , W Liu ₁ , B Moussian ₃ , J Zhang ₁

Affiliation

Lipids of the insect cuticle have important roles in resistance against the arid environment and invasion of foreign substances. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is an important enzyme of the insect lipid synthesis pathway. In the present study, we identified three FAS genes from transcriptome data of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, based on bioinformatics analyses. Among them, two FAS genes (LmFAS1 and LmFAS3) are highly expressed in the integument of fifth instar nymphs. Suppression of LmFAS1 and LmFAS3 by RNA interference caused lethality during ecdysis or shortly after moulting. The weight of the locusts and the content of lipid droplets were reduced compared with those of the control. The results of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that knockdown of LmFAS3 led to a decrease of both cuticular hydrocarbons and inner hydrocarbons (CHCs and IHCs) contents, especially the content of methyl branched hydrocarbons. By contrast, knockdown of LmFAS1 only resulted in a decrease in the IHC content, but not that of CHCs. By consequence, in LmFAS1‐ and LmFAS3‐suppressed locusts, hydrocarbon deficiency reduced desiccation resistance and enhanced cuticle permeability and sensitivity to insecticides. These results indicate that LmFAS1 and LmFAS3 are essential for hydrocarbon production and cuticle permeability, which play influential roles in waterproofing the insect cuticle.

中文翻译：

来自该被膜的两个脂肪酸合酶基因有助于偏斜基因座中的表皮碳氢化合物生物合成和表皮通透性。

昆虫角质层的脂质在抵抗干旱环境和入侵外来物质方面具有重要作用。脂肪酸合酶（FAS）是昆虫脂质合成途径的重要酶。在本研究中，我们确定了三个FAS从飞蝗的转录组数据的基因飞蝗，基于生物信息学分析。其中，两个FAS基因（LmFAS1和LmFAS3）在第五龄若虫的外表被高度表达。LmFAS1和LmFAS3的抑制蜕皮过程中或蜕皮后不久内由RNA干扰引起的致死性。与对照相比，蝗虫的重量和脂质滴的含量均降低。气相色谱-质谱分析的结果表明，LmFAS3的敲低导致表皮碳氢化合物和内部碳氢化合物（CHC和IHC）的含量均下降，尤其是甲基支链碳氢化合物的含量下降。相比之下，LmFAS1的敲除只会导致IHC含量的下降，而不会导致CHC含量的下降。因此，在LmFAS1和LmFAS3中蝗虫的抑制，碳氢化合物的缺乏降低了抗干燥性，增强了表皮的渗透性和对杀虫剂的敏感性。这些结果表明，LmFAS1和LmFAS3对于碳氢化合物的生产和表皮渗透性是必不可少的，它们在昆虫表皮的防水方面起着重要的作用。

更新日期：2020-08-02

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