When the hepatitis B virus (HBV) enters target cells, there are complex trans-regulatory mechanisms involved in the interactions between the virus and the target cells. In the present study, a new gene screened from the hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 using suppression subtractive hybridization, referred to as lncRNA HBVPTPAP, was used to study the trans-regulation of HBV DNA polymerase. According to the structural characteristics of the full-length sequences, it was classified as long non-coding RNA. However, a unique and complete open reading frame (ORF) was still present. Therefore, to further identify the lncRNA HBVPTPAP gene's encoding potential, this study used several online tools to analyze and verify its encoding polypeptide authenticity. On that basis, the effects of the lncRNA HBVPTPAP gene on the biological behaviors of HepG2 cells and its molecular regulatory mechanism were investigated. It was found that the lncRNA HBVPTPAP subcellular was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and possibly activated the downstream JAK/STAT signaling pathway through the interaction between the encoding polypeptide and PILRA intracellular domain. Then, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway may have been initiated to induce apoptosis. These results provided a basis for further study of the biological functions of the lncRNA HBVPTPAP gene.

当乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）进入靶细胞时，病毒与靶细胞之间的相互作用涉及复杂的反式调节机制。在本研究中，使用抑制消减杂交从肝母细胞瘤细胞系 HepG2 中筛选出的一个新基因，称为 lncRNA HBVPTPAP，用于研究 HBV DNA 聚合酶的反式调节。根据全长序列的结构特征，将其归类为长链非编码RNA。然而，一个独特而完整的开放阅读框（ORF）仍然存在。因此，为进一步鉴定lncRNA HBVPTPAP基因的编码潜力，本研究利用多种在线工具对其编码多肽的真实性进行分析验证。在此基础上，研究lncRNA HBVPTPAP基因对HepG2细胞生物学行为的影响及其分子调控机制。发现lncRNA HBVPTPAP亚细胞主要位于细胞质中，可能通过编码多肽与PILRA胞内域的相互作用激活下游JAK/STAT信号通路。然后，线粒体凋亡途径可能已经启动以诱导细胞凋亡。这些结果为进一步研究lncRNA HBVPTPAP基因的生物学功能提供了基础。并可能通过编码多肽与 PILRA 胞内域之间的相互作用激活下游 JAK/STAT 信号通路。然后，线粒体凋亡途径可能已经启动以诱导细胞凋亡。这些结果为进一步研究lncRNA HBVPTPAP基因的生物学功能提供了基础。并可能通过编码多肽与 PILRA 胞内域之间的相互作用激活下游 JAK/STAT 信号通路。然后，线粒体凋亡途径可能已经启动以诱导细胞凋亡。这些结果为进一步研究lncRNA HBVPTPAP基因的生物学功能提供了基础。