TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) plays a vital role in activating interferon (IFN) production and positively regulating antiviral response in mammals. Research on more species of fish is necessary to clarify whether the function of fish TBK1 is conserved compared to that in mammals. Here, a cyprinid fish (Ancherythroculter nigrocauda) TBK1 (AnTBK1) was functionally identified and characterized. The full-length open reading frame (ORF) of AnTBK1 consists of 2184 nucleotides encoding 727 amino acids and contains a conserved Serine/Threonine protein kinase catalytic domain (S_TKc) in the N-terminal, similar to TBK1 in other species. The transcripts of AnTBK1 were found in all the tissues evaluated and the cellular distribution indicated that AnTBK1 was localized in the cytoplasm. In terms of functional identification, AnTBK1 induced a variety of IFN promoter activities as well as the expression of downstream IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). In addition, AnTBK1 interacted with and significantly phosphorylated IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), exhibiting the canonical kinase activity of TBK1. Finally, AnTBK1 presented strong antiviral activity against spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection. Taken together, our research on the features and functions of AnTBK1 demonstrated that AnTBK1 plays a central role in IFN induction against SVCV infection.

TANK 结合激酶 1 (TBK1) 在激活干扰素 (IFN) 产生和正向调节哺乳动物的抗病毒反应方面发挥着至关重要的作用。有必要对更多种类的鱼类进行研究，以阐明与哺乳动物相比，鱼类 TBK1 的功能是否保守。在这里，一条鲤科鱼（Ancherythroculter nigrocauda) TBK1 (AnTBK1) 被功能鉴定和表征。AnTBK1 的全长开放阅读框 (ORF) 由 2184 个核苷酸组成，编码 727 个氨基酸，在 N 端包含一个保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶催化结构域 (S_TKc)，类似于其他物种中的 TBK1。在所有评估的组织中都发现了 AnTBK1 的转录物，并且细胞分布表明 AnTBK1 定位于细胞质中。在功能鉴定方面，AnTBK1 诱导多种 IFN 启动子活性以及下游 IFN 刺激基因 (ISG) 的表达。此外，AnTBK1 与 IFN 调节因子 3 (IRF3) 相互作用并显着磷酸化，表现出 TBK1 的经典激酶活性。最后，AnTBK1对鲤鱼病毒（SVCV）感染的春季病毒血症表现出很强的抗病毒活性。总之，我们对 AnTBK1 的特征和功能的研究表明，AnTBK1 在针对 SVCV 感染的 IFN 诱导中起核心作用。