Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a movement disorder with many symptoms responsive to treatment with dopamine agonists, anti-cholinergics and the dopamine precursor, levodopa. The cardinal features of PD include tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. There also are non-motor features that include sleep disorders, cognitive and affective dysfunction, hyposmia, pain and dysautonomia (constipation, bloating, orthostasis, urinary symptoms, sexual dysfunction, dysphagia). Among these non-motor features are signs and symptoms of visual system impairment that range from subtle examination findings to those causing severe disability. In this review we describe common PD-related abnormalities in the visual system, how they present, and potential treatments.

中文翻译：

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帕金森病患者视觉功能障碍的管理。

摘要

帕金森病 (PD) 是一种运动障碍，对多巴胺激动剂、抗胆碱能药和多巴胺前体左旋多巴的治疗有许多反应。PD 的主要特征包括震颤、强直、运动迟缓和姿势不稳。也有非运动特征，包括睡眠障碍、认知和情感功能障碍、嗅觉减退、疼痛和自主神经功能障碍（便秘、腹胀、直立、泌尿系统症状、性功能障碍、吞咽困难）。这些非运动特征包括视觉系统损伤的体征和症状，范围从细微的检查结果到导致严重残疾的结果。在这篇综述中，我们描述了视觉系统中常见的 PD 相关异常、它们如何出现以及潜在的治疗方法。