Salt is a common cause of damage to building materials used in cultural and historical buildings. The damage to aged wood in historical wooden buildings has not been extensively studied, resulting in the need for a more detailed analysis. In this work, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, a typical historical wooden structure, was taken as the research object. Multichemical analyses were conducted to evaluate and understand the salt-induced damage to the aged wood using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, sulphur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and attenuated total reflectance fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. The results showed the presence of invasive salt crystallisations and ions in the aged samples. The source of these invasive elements was deduced by identifying the type, amount, and valency of the elements; they were found to be derived from environmental factors such as acid rain and atmospheric pollutant. The unique damage mechanism and route induced by salt in historical buildings made of wood were summarised; the damage was attributed to the accumulation of sulphate salt causing hydrolysis of the carbohydrates and salt crystallisation resulting in mechanical damage. This interdisciplinary study is significant for decision making in studies related to the preservation and evaluation of historical wooden buildings.

中文翻译：

---

盐对历史木建筑的老化木头的损害评估。

盐是损坏用于文化和历史建筑的建筑材料的常见原因。历史悠久的木制建筑对陈旧木材的损坏尚未得到广泛研究，因此需要进行更详细的分析。在这项工作中，以典型的历史木制结构应县木塔为研究对象。使用配备了能量色散X射线光谱仪，硫K边缘X射线吸收近边缘结构光谱仪，X射线的扫描电子显微镜进行了多化学分析，以评估和了解盐对老化木材的损害。荧光光谱，X射线粉末衍射和衰减的全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱。结果表明，老化样品中存在侵入性盐结晶和离子。这些侵入性元素的来源是通过确定这些元素的类型，数量和化合价得出的。发现它们来自环境因素，例如酸雨和大气污染物。总结了盐在木质历史建筑中独特的破坏机理和途径。损坏归因于硫酸盐的积累，导致碳水化合物的水解和盐结晶，从而导致机械损坏。这项跨学科研究对于与历史木制建筑的保存和评估有关的研究具有重要的决策意义。总结了盐在木质历史建筑中独特的破坏机理和途径。损坏归因于硫酸盐的积累，导致碳水化合物的水解和盐结晶，从而导致机械损坏。这项跨学科研究对于与历史木制建筑的保存和评估有关的研究具有重要的决策意义。总结了盐在木质历史建筑中独特的破坏机理和途径。损坏归因于硫酸盐的积累，导致碳水化合物的水解和盐结晶，从而导致机械损坏。这项跨学科研究对于与历史木制建筑的保存和评估有关的研究具有重要的决策意义。