The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) holds massive freshwater resources and is one of the most active regions in the world with respect to the hydrological cycle. Soil moisture (SM) plays a critical role in hydrological processes and is important for plant growth and ecosystem stability. To investigate the relationship between climatic factors (air temperature and precipitation) and SM during the growing season in various climate zones on the QTP, data from three observational stations were analyzed. The results showed that the daily average (T_ave) and minimum air temperatures (T_min) significantly influenced SM levels at all depths analyzed (i.e., 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm deep) at the three stations, and T_min had a stronger effect on SM than did T_ave. However, the daily maximum air temperature (T_max) generally had little effect on SM, although it had showed some effects on SM in the middle and deeper layers at the Jiali station. Precipitation was an important factor that significantly influenced the SM at all depths at the three stations, but the influence on SM in the middle and deep layers lagged the direct effect on near-surface SM by 5–7 days. These results suggest that environment characterized by lower temperatures and higher precipitation may promote SM conservation during the growing season and in turn support ecosystem stability on the QTP.

中文翻译：

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2015年生长季气温和降水对青藏高原土壤水分的影响

青藏高原（QTP）拥有大量淡水资源，就水文循环而言，它是世界上最活跃的地区之一。土壤水分（SM）在水文过程中起着至关重要的作用，对于植物生长和生态系统的稳定至关重要。为了研究QTP上各个气候区在生长季节期间气候因素（气温和降水）与SM之间的关系，分析了三个观测站的数据。结果表明，在三个站点的所有深度（即10、20、30、40和50 cm深），每日平均（T _ave）和最低气温（T _min）都会显着影响SM水平，而T _min对TSM的影响比T _ave强。然而，尽管日最高气温（T _max）对嘉里站中层和深层的SM有一定影响，但对SM的影响通常很小。降水是对三个站所有深度的SM产生重大影响的重要因素，但对中深层SM的影响要比对近地表SM的直接影响滞后5-7天。这些结果表明，以较低的温度和较高的降水为特征的环境可以促进生长季内的SM养护，进而支持QTP上的生态系统稳定性。