The wonder material, graphene, is now on the stage from academic research to real-world industrial application. Graphene oxide (GO), an oxygenated form of monolayer graphene platelet, is playing a crucial role for the large-scale production of minimal layer stacked graphene. Effective purification of GO by removing acidic and ionic impurities is the essential step for high dispersibility and long-term colloidal stability, endowing graphene oxide liquid crystal (GOLC) formation. GOLC can be readily utilized not only for the production of high quality graphene platelets but also in the straightforward design of multi-dimensional architectures, including 1D, 2D, and 3D, for the functional graphene-based material fabrication. Motivated from the inexpensive raw material and inherently scalable solution process, GOLC-based materials offer an idealized platform for the practical balance between material performance and economic cost. Herein, recent progress and future prospective associated with the commercialization of 2D GOLC-based materials are highlighted, specifically concerning the recent energy, environmental, and pandemic issues. Relevant crucial advantages and perspectives are reviewed for practical applications, including supercapcitors, membrane, molecular adsorption, and antimicrobial material.

中文翻译：

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用于实际应用的二维氧化石墨烯液晶：能源、环境和抗菌

神奇的材料石墨烯现在正处于从学术研究到实际工业应用的舞台上。氧化石墨烯 (GO) 是单层石墨烯薄片的氧化形式，在大规模生产最小层堆叠石墨烯方面发挥着至关重要的作用。通过去除酸性和离子杂质来有效纯化 GO 是获得高分散性和长期胶体稳定性的必要步骤，从而形成氧化石墨烯液晶 (GOLC)。GOLC 不仅可以很容易地用于生产高质量的石墨烯薄片，还可以用于多维结构的简单设计，包括 1D、2D 和 3D，用于功能性石墨烯基材料制造。源于廉价的原材料和固有的可扩展解决方案流程，基于 GOLC 的材料为材料性能和经济成本之间的实际平衡提供了一个理想化的平台。在此，重点介绍了与基于二维 GOLC 的材料商业化相关的最新进展和未来前景，特别是关于最近的能源、环境和流行病问题。回顾了实际应用的相关关键优势和观点，包括超级电容器、膜、分子吸附和抗菌材料。