Remote detection of radioactive materials is extremely challenging, yet it is important to realize the technique for safe usage of radioactive materials. Gamma rays are the most far distant penetrating photons that are involved with the radiation decay process. Herein, we overview the gamma-ray detection techniques that are material-based and vacuum tube-based. A muon detector is also reviewed as a radioactive material imager. We overview versatile detectors that are currently being widely used and new concepts that may pave the way for promising remote detectability up to several kilometers.

中文翻译：

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隔离辐射检测技术

放射性物质的远程检测极具挑战性，但实现放射性物质安全使用的技术非常重要。伽马射线是参与辐射衰变过程的最远的穿透光子。在此，我们概述了基于材料和基于真空管的伽马射线检测技术。μ子探测器也被视为放射性物质成像仪。我们概述了目前被广泛使用的多功能探测器和可能为实现长达数公里的远程探测能力铺平道路的新概念。