Following astonishing growth in the last decade, the field of luminescence thermometry has reached the stage of becoming a mature technology. To achieve that goal, further developments should resolve inherent problems and methodological faults to facilitate its widespread use. This perspective presents recent findings in luminescence thermometry, with the aim of providing a guide for the reader to the paths in which this field is currently directed. Besides the well-known temperature read-out techniques, which are outlined and compared in terms of performance, some recently introduced read-out methods have been discussed in more detail. These include intensity ratio measurements that exploit emissions from excited lanthanide levels with large energy differences, dual-excited and time-resolved single-band ratiometric methods, and phase-angle temperature readouts. The necessity for the extension of theoretical models and a careful re-examination of those currently in use are emphasized. Regarding materials, the focus of this perspective is on dual-activated probes for the luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) and transition-metal-ion-activated phosphors for both lifetime and LIR thermometry. Several particularly important applications of luminescence thermometry are presented. These include temperature measurement in catalysis, in situ temperature mapping for microfluidics, thermal history measurement, thermometry at extremely high temperatures, fast temperature transient measurement, low-pressure measurement via upconversion nanoparticle emission intensity ratios, evaluation of the photothermal chirality of noble metal clusters, and luminescence thermometry using mobile devices. Routes for the development of primary luminescence thermometry are discussed in view of the recent redefinition of the kelvin.

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发光测温的趋势

经过近十年的惊人发展，发光测温领域已达到成熟技术的阶段。为了实现这一目标，进一步的发展应该解决固有的问题和方法上的错误，以促进其广泛使用。这个观点展示了发光温度测量的最新发现，目的是为读者提供该领域当前方向的指南。除了在性能方面进行概述和比较的众所周知的温度读出技术外，还更详细地讨论了一些最近引入的读出方法。这些包括强度比测量，利用来自具有大能量差异的激发镧系元素水平的发射，双激发和时间分辨单波段比率测量方法，和相角温度读数。强调了扩展理论模型和仔细重新检查当前使用的模型的必要性。关于材料，这个观点的重点是用于发光强度比 (LIR) 的双激活探针和用于寿命和 LIR 温度测量的过渡金属离子激活磷光体。介绍了发光测温的几个特别重要的应用。这些包括催化中的温度测量、微流体的原位温度映射、热历史测量、极高温度下的温度测量、快速温度瞬变测量、通过上转换纳米粒子发射强度比进行的低压测量、贵金属簇的光热手性评估、和使用移动设备的发光温度测量。鉴于最近对开尔文的重新定义，讨论了初级发光温度计的发展路线。