Cabo Verde Archipelago presents one of the largest knowledge gaps in the distribution and taxonomy of bats in the world. Old works indicated that there are five species classified as European taxa. We have conducted an integrative taxonomy to revise the systematic position and distribution of Cabo Verdean bats with molecular, morphological, and ecological data, to test their native or exotic origin, and infer possible colonization patterns based on fieldwork and museum samples. Results showed that Cabo Verde Hypsugo is closely related to those from the Canary Islands, in which the taxonomic status is under debate, presenting unique mitochondrial and nuclear haplotypes. We also expanded the distribution of Taphozous nudiventris for Fogo Island through pellets and acoustic identification, showed unique haplotypes for this species, and that Miniopterus schreibersii shared a haplotype with European, North African, and Western Asian specimens. The morphological and acoustic identification of Cabo Verdean specimens was challenging because of the lack of modern morphological descriptions and similarity of echolocation calls within the same genus. More studies are definitely needed to access the systematic of bat species in the archipelago, but this work is the first step for the establishment of conservation actions of the probable only native Cabo Verdean mammals.

中文翻译：

---

蝙蝠走出非洲：解析佛得角蝙蝠的系统定位和生物地理学

佛得角群岛是世界上蝙蝠分布和分类学知识缺口最大的地区之一。旧著作表明有五个物种被归类为欧洲分类群。我们进行了综合分类，以利用分子、形态和生态数据来修正佛得角蝙蝠的系统位置和分布，以测试它们的原生或外来来源，并根据实地调查和博物馆样本推断可能的殖民模式。结果表明，佛得角 Hypsugo 与来自加那利群岛的那些密切相关，其中分类地位正在争论中，呈现出独特的线粒体和核单倍型。我们还通过颗粒和声学鉴定扩大了福戈岛 Taphozous nudiventris 的分布，显示了该物种独特的单倍型，并且 Miniopterus schreibersii 与欧洲、北非和西亚标本共享一个单倍型。由于缺乏现代形态学描述和同一属内回声定位调用的相似性，佛得角标本的形态学和声学识别具有挑战性。肯定需要更多的研究来获得群岛中蝙蝠物种的系统，但这项工作是建立可能只有佛得角本土哺乳动物的保护行动的第一步。