Herein, we have demonstrated highly sensitive real-time biospecific detection of a protein marker of hepatitis C—the core antigen of hepatitis C virus (HCVcoreAg)—using a nanowire (NW) biosensor. The primary element of the NW-biosensor is a chip with p-type conductance, bearing silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire structures on its surface. The nanowire structures are fabricated by gas-plasma treatment and electron beam lithography. The detection specificity was provided by sensitization of the sensor surface with aptamers against HCVcoreAg. The influence of buffer pH on the sensor response signal was studied. The effect of reverse polarity of the biosensor response signal with change from the acidic buffer pH to the neutral one was found. The lowest detectable HCVcoreAg concentration was determined to be 2.0 × 10⁻¹⁵ M in both acidic (pH 5.1) and neutral (pH 7.4) buffer solution. The proposed aptamer-sensitized sensor was also successfully applied to detect HCVcoreAg in serum samples of hepatitis C patients.

中文翻译：

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纳米线适体敏化的生物传感器芯片，带有气态处理过的表面，用于检测丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原

在本文中，我们已经证明了使用纳米线（NW）生物传感器对丙型肝炎（丙型肝炎病毒的核心抗原，HCVcoreAg）的蛋白质标记物进行高度灵敏的实时生物特异性检测。NW生物传感器的主要元件是具有p型电导的芯片，其表面带有绝缘体上硅（SOI）纳米线结构。通过气体等离子体处理和电子束光刻来制造纳米线结构。通过用针对HCVcoreAg的适体敏化传感器表面来提供检测特异性。研究了缓冲液pH值对传感器响应信号的影响。发现了生物传感器响应信号的反极性随着从酸性缓冲液pH到中性缓冲液的变化的影响。确定的最低HCVcoreAg最低浓度为2.0×10 ^-15M在酸性（pH 5.1）和中性（pH 7.4）缓冲溶液中。提出的适体敏化传感器也已成功地用于检测丙型肝炎患者血清中的HCVcoreAg。