Abstract A ventilated cavity model ship is investigated in a calm water towing tank under a moderate Froude number range. The gas ventilation rate required for cavity from early formation to complete coverage is explored, as well as the cavity morphology, closure modes, shedding features, and cavity growth characteristics. Several flow patterns of the cavity are classified, i.e., discrete foamy flow and initial coalescing cavity, corresponding to the formation stage; jet growth cavity(JGC), bifurcation growth cavity(BGC), meniscus growth cavity(MGC), and waterfall growth cavity(WGC), corresponding to the logarithmic growth stage; and bottle neck stable cavity, corresponding to the maturity stage. The shedding features of small periodic oscillation shedding, group rips evolution shedding, and wave pinch-off shedding are observed corresponding to JGC, BGC, and MGC and WGC, respectively. Three hypothetical mechanisms, rectangular jet dominant, pressure difference dominant, and wave pinch-off dominant, are proposed to be responsible for the formation of JGC, BGC and MGC, and WGC, respectively. A logarithmic mathematical model is related to cavity length and ventilation rate. The dependence of gas demand required to establish a complete coverage cavity on Froude number (0.37–1.10, ship length based) is more significant than Reynolds number (5.95 × 106–1.78 × 107, ship length based).

中文翻译：

---

模型船通风腔流实验研究

摘要 研究了在中等弗劳德数范围下静水拖曳水池中的通风腔模型船。探讨了空洞从早期形成到完全覆盖所需的气体通风率，以及空洞形态、闭合模式、脱落特征和空洞生长特征。空腔的几种流动模式被分类，即离散泡沫流和初始聚结空腔，对应于形成阶段；射流生长腔（JGC）、分叉生长腔（BGC）、弯液面生长腔（MGC）、瀑布生长腔（WGC），对应于对数生长阶段；和瓶颈稳定腔，对应成熟阶段。小周期振荡脱落、群裂演化脱落、观察到分别对应于 JGC、BGC 和 MGC 和 WGC 的波夹断脱落。提出了三种假设机制，即矩形射流主导、压差主导和波浪夹断主导，分别对 JGC、BGC 和 MGC 以及 WGC 的形成负责。对数数学模型与空腔长度和通风率有关。建立完整覆盖腔所需的气体需求对弗劳德数（0.37–1.10，基于船长）的依赖性比雷诺数（5.95 × 106–1.78 × 107，基于船长）更显着。对数数学模型与空腔长度和通风率有关。建立完整覆盖腔所需的气体需求对弗劳德数（0.37–1.10，基于船长）的依赖性比雷诺数（5.95 × 106–1.78 × 107，基于船长）更显着。对数数学模型与空腔长度和通风率有关。建立完整覆盖腔所需的气体需求对弗劳德数（0.37–1.10，基于船长）的依赖性比雷诺数（5.95 × 106–1.78 × 107，基于船长）更显着。