Abstract The undeniable fact of climate change and dam construction alters the hydrological systems and threatens aquatic ecosystems of rivers around the world. Quantifying the impact of climate change and dam construction on flow regime is essential for water resources management and environmental protection. However, previous studies have rarely separated the effects of two factors on flow regimes, and the individual impact of each remains insufficient to date. Moreover, the existing methods have not fully captured the characteristics and temporal changes of flow regimes. In this study, we propose a new framework that integrates a streamflow reconstruction technique, indicators of hydrologic alteration (IHA), indicators of intra-annual flow variations, a revised range of variability approach to assessing the climate change and dam-induced impacts on the flow regime. The Upper Yellow River Basin (UYRB) was selected as the study area. The results show that climate change significantly reduces the monthly flow, extreme water conditions and the intra-annual indicators, and advances the Julian date of annual maximum flow. Dam construction delays the Julian date of annual maximum flow that opposes climate change impact, reduces the monthly flow in the flood season and the annual maximum flow, but increases the monthly flow in the dry season and annual minimum flow. Changes in flow regimes in the UYRB are found to be mainly due to climate change albeit there exists a cascade of dams. Based on the range of variability approach (RVA), fifteen of forty indicators are moderately changed. While the number increases to thirty-seven when considering the temporal order alteration of flow regime. The case study demonstrates that the developed framework can serve as a useful tool to evaluate the impact of climate change and dam construction on flow regimes.

中文翻译：

---

制定评估气候变化和大坝建设对流态影响的综合框架

摘要 不可否认的气候变化和大坝建设改变了世界各地河流的水文系统并威胁着水生生态系统。量化气候变化和大坝建设对流态的影响对于水资源管理和环境保护至关重要。然而，以前的研究很少将两个因素对流态的影响分开，并且迄今为止每个因素的单独影响仍然不足。此外，现有方法还没有完全捕捉流态的特征和时间变化。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个新的框架，它集成了水流重建技术、水文变化指标 (IHA)、年内流量变化指标、用于评估气候变化和大坝对流态影响的修订范围变率方法。黄河流域上游（UYRB）被选为研究区。结果表明，气候变化显着降低了月流量、极端水情和年内指标，并提前了年最大流量的儒略日期。大坝建设推迟了对抗气候变化影响的年最大流量的儒略日期，减少了汛期月流量和年最大流量，但增加了旱季月流量和年最小流量。发现 UYRB 流态的变化主要是由于气候变化，尽管存在级联大坝。基于变异范围法（RVA），四十个指标中有十五个适度变化。而考虑到流态的时间顺序变化，这个数字增加到了 37 个。案例研究表明，开发的框架可以作为评估气候变化和大坝建设对流态影响的有用工具。