Abstract According to recent evidence, rapid categorization of natural face images in the infant brain is enhanced by concomitant maternal odor ( Leleu et al., 2020 ). To test whether this effect is selective to faces, we recorded scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) in 4-month-old infants presented with variable exemplars of a nonface visual category - cars - appearing every 6 stimuli in 6-Hz streams of natural object images. At the same time, infants were exposed to the maternal or to a control odor context. A relatively weak neural categorization response to cars (i.e., a differential response to cars that generalizes across exemplars) was observed at 1 Hz over the right occipital cortex in both odor conditions, revealing rapid categorization of an unfamiliar object in the infant brain. However, the car categorization response was not modulated by maternal odor, suggesting that odors selectively prime neural activity in the infant visual cortex to categorize congruent incoming inputs.

中文翻译：

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婴儿大脑中物体和面孔的分类及其对母体气味的敏感性：感觉间一致性在知觉发展中作用的进一步证据

摘要 根据最近的证据，伴随的母体气味增强了婴儿大脑中自然面部图像的快速分类（Leleu 等人，2020 年）。为了测试这种效果是否对面部有选择性，我们记录了 4 个月大的婴儿的头皮脑电图 (EEG)，这些婴儿展示了非面部视觉类别的可变样本 - 汽车 - 在 6 Hz 的自然物体图像流中每 6 个刺激出现一次。与此同时，婴儿会接触到母亲或控制气味的环境。在两种气味条件下，在右枕叶皮层上以 1 Hz 频率观察到对汽车的相对较弱的神经分类反应（即，对汽车的不同反应在样本之间泛化），揭示了婴儿大脑中对陌生物体的快速分类。然而，