Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of sodium selenate (Na₂SeO₄) and sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) on durum wheat seed germination and seedling growth under salt stress. The treatments used were 0 and 50 mM NaCl solutions, each supplemented with Na₂SeO₄ or Na₂SeO₃ at 0, 0.1, 1, 2, 4, 8, or 10 μM. Salt alone significantly inhibited seed germination and reduced seedling growth. Addition of low concentrations (0.1–4 μM) of Na₂SeO₄ or Na₂SeO₃ mitigated the adverse effects of salt stress on seed germination, biomass accumulation, and other physiological attributes. Among them, 1 μM Na₂SeO₄ was most effective at restoring seed germination rate, germination energy, and germination index, significantly increasing these parameters by about 12.35, 24.17, and 11.42%, respectively, compared to salt-stress conditions. Adding low concentrations of Na₂SeO₄ or Na₂SeO₃ to the salt solution also had positive effects on chlorophyll fluorescence indices, decreased the concentrations of free proline and malondialdehyde, as well as electrolyte leakage, and increased catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities in roots and shoots. However, high concentrations (8–10 μM) of Na₂SeO₄ or Na₂SeO₃ disrupted seed germination and seedling growth, with damage caused by Na₂SeO₃ being more severe than that by Na₂SeO₄. It is thus clear that exogenous selenium can improve the adaptability of processing wheat to salt stress and maintain higher photosynthetic rate by decreasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and alleviating the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. Na₂SeO₄ was more effective than Na₂SeO₃ at all given concentrations.

水培实验以研究不同浓度的硒钠（Na的的效果₂的SeO ₄）和亚硒酸钠（钠₂的SeO ₃）上硬粒小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长在盐胁迫下。所使用的处理是0 和50 mM NaCl 溶液，每种都补充有0、0.1、1、2、4、8或10 μM 的Na ₂ SeO ₄或Na ₂ SeO ₃。单独的盐会显着抑制种子萌发并减少幼苗生长。添加低浓度 (0.1–4 μM) Na ₂ SeO ₄或 Na ₂ SeO ₃减轻盐胁迫对种子萌发、生物量积累和其他生理特性的不利影响。其中，1 μM Na ₂ SeO ₄在恢复种子发芽率、发芽能量和发芽指数方面最有效，与盐胁迫条件相比，这些参数分别显着提高了约 12.35、24.17 和 11.42%。添加低浓度的 Na ₂ SeO ₄或 Na ₂ SeO ₃盐溶液对叶绿素荧光指标也有积极影响，降低游离脯氨酸和丙二醛的浓度，减少电解质泄漏，增加根和芽中过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性。然而，高浓度（8-10 μM）的 Na ₂ SeO ₄或 Na ₂ SeO _{3 会}干扰种子萌发和幼苗生长，Na ₂ SeO ₃造成的损害比 Na ₂ SeO ₄造成的损害更严重. 由此可见，外源硒可以通过减少活性氧的积累和减轻膜脂过氧化程度，提高加工小麦对盐胁迫的适应性，保持较高的光合速率。在所有给定浓度下，Na ₂ SeO ₄都比Na ₂ SeO ₃更有效。