Metallic implants are extensively used to treat a spectrum of orthopaedic related disorders. Among the metals, titanium and its alloys are considered most excellent and indispensable material for the production of orthopaedic implants regarding their sterling mechanical properties and exceptional biocompatibility. Recently, rapid progress in developing non-toxic titanium-based alloys with modulus similar to that of human bone has inspired researchers globally. Thus, many studies have focused on titanium alloys, their heat treatment processes and several processing technologies. Additive manufacturing has been designed to enhance their mechanical properties tailored towards biomedical applications. Inarguably, the need to further improve on the implant’s biocompatibility with bodily environment for optimum service life is of great importance. Hence, hydroxyapatite coating provides an improvement as demonstrated by in vitro as well as in vivo studies. The present article critically reviews, based on recent scientific literatures, the progress made thus far in the development of titanium-based alloys, additive manufacturing processes and their heat and surface treatments tailored towards biomedical applications.

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增材制造的钛合金和羟基磷灰石涂层对生物医学应用的影响：综述

金属植入物广泛用于治疗一系列骨科相关疾病。在金属中，钛及其合金被认为是生产骨科植入物的最优秀和不可或缺的材料，因为它们具有出色的机械性能和卓越的生物相容性。最近，在开发模量与人体骨骼相似的无毒钛基合金方面取得的快速进展激发了全球研究人员的灵感。因此，许多研究都集中在钛合金、它们的热处理工艺和几种加工技术上。增材制造旨在增强其针对生物医学应用定制的机械性能。毋庸置疑，为了获得最佳使用寿命，进一步提高植入物与身体环境的生物相容性非常重要。因此，体外和体内研究表明，羟基磷灰石涂层提供了改进。本文根据最近的科学文献，批判性地回顾了迄今为止在钛基合金、增材制造工艺及其针对生物医学应用的热处理和表面处理方面取得的进展。