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Genetic analysis of disease resilience in wean-to-finish pigs from a natural disease challenge model.
Journal of Animal Science ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 , DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa244
Jian Cheng 1 , Austin M Putz 1, 2 , John C S Harding 3 , Michael K Dyck 4 , Frederic Fortin 5 , Graham S Plastow 4 , PigGen Canada 6 , Jack C M Dekkers 1
Affiliation  

The objective was to estimate genetic parameters of performance and resilience of growing pigs under disease. Data were from 3,139 Yorkshire x Landrace wean-to-finish pigs that were exposed to a natural polymicrobial disease challenge that was established by entering naturally infected animals into a nursery barn, targeting various viral and bacterial diseases. The challenge was maintained by entering batches of 60 to 75 healthy nursery pigs every 3 weeks in a continuous flow system. Traits analyzed included average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI), and duration (ADFD), feed conversion ratio (FCR), residual feed intake (RFI), mortality (MOR), number of health treatments (TRT), health scores (Hscore), carcass weight (CWT), back fat (CBF) and loin depth (CLD), dressing percentage (DRS), lean yield (LYLD), day-to-day variation in feed intake and duration (VARFI and VARDUR), and the proportion of off-feed days (OFFFI and OFFDUR). Analyses were by mixed linear models with genomic relationships. The resilience traits TRT, MOR, and Hscore were lowly heritable (up to 0.15) but had high genetic correlations with each other. Performance traits ADG, ADFI, ADFD, FCR, RFI, and carcass traits were moderate to highly heritable (0.17 to 0.49). Heritabilities of resilience indicator traits OFF and VAR had low to moderate heritabilities (0.08 to 0.23) but were higher when based on duration versus amount. ADFI had a low genetic correlation with ADFD (0.13). ADG in the challenge nursery had stronger negative genetic correlations with both TRT and MOR than ADG in the finisher (-0.37 to -0.74 versus -0.15 to -0.56). ADFI and FCR had moderate negative (-0.21 to -0.39) and positive (0.34 to 0.49), respectively, genetic correlations with TRT and MOR. ADFD and RFI had very low genetic correlations with TRT and MOR. CWT and DRS were moderately negatively correlated with TRT and MOR (-0.33 to -0.59). Resilience indicator traits based on feed intake or duration had moderate to high positive genetic correlations with TRT (0.18 to 0.81) and MOR (0.33 to 0.87). In conclusion, performance and resilience traits under a polymicrobial disease challenge are heritable and can be changed by selection. Phenotypes extracted from feed intake patterns can be used as genetic indicator traits for disease resilience. Most promising is day-to-day variation in intake duration, which had a sizeable heritability (0.23) and favorable genetic correlations with mortality (0.79) and treatment rate (0.20).

中文翻译:

来自自然疾病挑战模型的断奶至育肥猪疾病恢复力的遗传分析。

目的是估计生长猪在疾病状态下的性能和恢复力的遗传参数。数据来自 3,139 头 Yorkshire x Landrace 断奶至育肥猪,这些猪暴露于天然多种微生物疾病的挑战,该挑战是通过将自然感染的动物进入育苗猪舍而建立的,针对各种病毒和细菌疾病。通过在连续流系统中每 3 周将 60 至 75 头健康保育猪输入批次来维持攻击。分析的性状包括平均日增重 (ADG)、采食量 (ADFI) 和持续时间 (ADFD)、饲料转化率 (FCR)、剩余采食量 (RFI)、死亡率 (MOR)、健康治疗次数 (TRT)、健康分数 (Hscore)、胴体重 (CWT)、背肥 (CBF) 和腰深 (CLD)、屠宰率 (DRS)、瘦肉率 (LYLD)、FI和 VAR DUR),以及断食天数的比例(OFF FI和 OFF DUR)。通过具有基因组关系的混合线性模型进行分析。韧性性状 TRT、MOR 和 Hscore 的遗传性较低(高达 0.15),但彼此之间具有较高的遗传相关性。性能性状 ADG、ADFI、ADFD、FCR、RFI 和胴体性状为中等至高度遗传(0.17 至 0.49)。弹性指标特征 OFF 和 VAR 的遗传力具有低到中等的遗传力(0.08 至 0.23),但基于持续时间与数量的关系时更高。ADFI 与 ADFD 的遗传相关性较低 (0.13)。挑战苗圃中的 ADG 与 TRT 和 MOR 的负遗传相关性比完成者中的 ADG 更强(-0.37 到 -0.74 对 -0.15 到 -0.56)。ADFI 和 FCR 分别与 TRT 和 MOR 具有中度负(-0.21 至 -0.39)和正(0.34 至 0.49)遗传相关性。ADFD 和 RFI 与 TRT 和 MOR 的遗传相关性非常低。CWT 和 DRS 与 TRT 和 MOR 呈中度负相关(-0.33 至 -0.59)。基于采食量或持续时间的韧性指标性状与 TRT(0.18 至 0.81)和 MOR(0.33 至 0.87)具有中至高度的正遗传相关性。总之,在多种微生物疾病挑战下的表现和恢复力特征是可遗传的,可以通过选择来改变。从采食模式中提取的表型可用作疾病抵抗力的遗传指标性状。最有希望的是摄入持续时间的日常变化,它具有相当大的遗传力 (0.23) 以及与死亡率 (0.79) 和治疗率 (0.20) 的有利遗传相关性。基于采食量或持续时间的韧性指标性状与 TRT(0.18 至 0.81)和 MOR(0.33 至 0.87)具有中至高度的正遗传相关性。总之,在多种微生物疾病挑战下的表现和恢复力特征是可遗传的,可以通过选择来改变。从采食模式中提取的表型可用作疾病抵抗力的遗传指标性状。最有希望的是摄入持续时间的日常变化,它具有相当大的遗传力 (0.23) 以及与死亡率 (0.79) 和治疗率 (0.20) 的有利遗传相关性。基于采食量或持续时间的韧性指标性状与 TRT(0.18 至 0.81)和 MOR(0.33 至 0.87)具有中至高度的正遗传相关性。总之,在多种微生物疾病挑战下的表现和恢复力特征是可遗传的,可以通过选择来改变。从采食模式中提取的表型可用作疾病抵抗力的遗传指标性状。最有希望的是摄入持续时间的日常变化,它具有相当大的遗传力 (0.23) 以及与死亡率 (0.79) 和治疗率 (0.20) 的有利遗传相关性。在多种微生物疾病挑战下的表现和复原力特征是可遗传的,并且可以通过选择来改变。从采食模式中提取的表型可用作疾病抵抗力的遗传指标性状。最有希望的是摄入持续时间的日常变化,它具有相当大的遗传力 (0.23) 以及与死亡率 (0.79) 和治疗率 (0.20) 的有利遗传相关性。在多种微生物疾病挑战下的表现和复原力特征是可遗传的,并且可以通过选择来改变。从采食模式中提取的表型可用作疾病抵抗力的遗传指标性状。最有希望的是摄入持续时间的日常变化,它具有相当大的遗传力 (0.23) 以及与死亡率 (0.79) 和治疗率 (0.20) 的有利遗传相关性。
更新日期:2020-07-31
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