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Proving a conjecture on chromatic polynomials by counting the number of acyclic orientations
Journal of Graph Theory ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-31 , DOI: 10.1002/jgt.22617
Fengming Dong 1 , Jun Ge 2 , Helin Gong 3 , Bo Ning 4 , Zhangdong Ouyang 5 , Eng Guan Tay 1
Affiliation  

The chromatic polynomial $P(G,x)$ of a graph $G$ of order $n$ can be expressed as $\sum\limits_{i=1}^n(-1)^{n-i}a_{i}x^i$, where $a_i$ is interpreted as the number of broken-cycle free spanning subgraphs of $G$ with exactly $i$ components. The parameter $\epsilon(G)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^n (n-i)a_i/\sum\limits_{i=1}^n a_i$ is the mean size of a broken-cycle-free spanning subgraph of $G$. In this article, we confirm and strengthen a conjecture proposed by Lundow and Markstrom in 2006 that $\epsilon(T_n)< \epsilon(G)<\epsilon(K_n)$ holds for any connected graph $G$ of order $n$ which is neither the complete graph $K_n$ nor a tree $T_n$ of order $n$. The most crucial step of our proof is to obtain the interpretation of all $a_i$'s by the number of acyclic orientations of $G$.

中文翻译:

通过计算非循环方向的数量来证明对色多项式的猜想

$n$阶图$G$的色多项式$P(G,x)$可以表示为$\sum\limits_{i=1}^n(-1)^{ni}a_{i} x^i$,其中 $a_i$ 被解释为具有完全 $i$ 分量的 $G$ 的断环自由跨越子图的数量。参数 $\epsilon(G)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^n (ni)a_i/\sum\limits_{i=1}^n a_i$ 是无断环生成的平均大小$G$ 的子图。在这篇文章中,我们确认并加强了 Lundow 和 Markstrom 在 2006 年提出的一个猜想,即 $\epsilon(T_n)< \epsilon(G)<\epsilon(K_n)$ 对阶 $n$ 的任何连通图 $G$ 成立这既不是完整的图 $K_n$ 也不是 $n$ 阶的树 $T_n$。我们证明中最关键的一步是通过 $G$ 的非循环方向的数量获得所有 $a_i$ 的解释。
更新日期:2020-07-31
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