Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a key role in soil fertility and atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Our previous work found that tillage induced changes in aggregate stability and pore structure were major factors contributing to the effect of tillage system on SOC. Effects of earthworms and residue on SOC vary among tillage practices, but we don't clearly know how earthworms, residue and tillage interact to affect SOC. A further study was carried out by adding ¹³C labeled maize residue and earthworms to undisturbed soil mesocosms from conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) plots and then incubating for 180 days at 18 °C. SOC, ¹³C, and soil aggregate were measured prior to and after incubation and pore structure was measured after incubation. Newly added residue had the same decomposition rate in CT and NT. Earthworms reduced the SOC content in CT, and the newly added residue reduced the SOC in NT. The earthworms increased average pore diameter of >500 μm, and decreased the pore number of 100−500 μm in NT. The newly added residue improved the SOC by increasing the MWD in CT. The earthworms could change the SOC by increasing the volume fraction in NT. This result is helpful in understanding how the earthworms and residue affect the SOC under different tillage practices and provides direction for developing strategies to increase soil fertility and mitigate emission of CO₂ to the atmosphere.

土壤有机碳（SOC）在土壤肥力和大气CO ₂浓度中起关键作用。我们以前的工作发现，耕作引起的团聚体稳定性和孔结构变化是促成耕作系统对SOC影响的主要因素。till和残留物对SOC的影响随耕作方式的不同而变化，但我们尚不清楚clearly，残留物和耕作如何相互作用以影响SOC。通过将¹³ C标记的玉米残留物和earth添加到常规耕作（CT）和无耕作（NT）地块的未扰动土壤中型环境中，然后在18°C下孵育180天，进行了进一步的研究。SOC，¹³C，和在培养之前和之后测量土壤聚集体，并在培养之后测量孔结构。新添加的残留物在CT和NT中的分解速率相同。reduced降低了CT中的SOC含量，新添加的残留物降低了NT中的SOC。NT在NT中的平均孔径增加了> 500μm，孔数减少了100-500μm。新增加的残留物通过增加CT中的MWD改善了SOC。NT可以通过增加NT中的体积分数来改变SOC。该结果有助于理解the和残留物在不同耕作方式下如何影响土壤有机碳，并为制定提高土壤肥力和减少向大气排放CO _2的策略提供指导。