Abstract This study investigated the hypothesis that the use of short-term synchronisation protocol following single fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) with extended cooled semen and natural mating in fertility management of dairy goats could be as good as or better than traditional long-term protocol. This was tested by designing an experiment using Toggenburg dairy goats raised under semi-intensive production system in the tropics. Twenty-eight (28) females Toggenburg dairy goats were randomly allocated to two synchronisation protocols in completely randomised design and within each synchronisation protocol the animals were further subdivided into two mating methods. Oestrus was synchronised using short (7 days) and long-term (12 days) protocols and animals mated using natural mating and AI. The onset and the duration of oestrus were monitored using two intact-aproned bucks following controlled internal drug release (CIDR) devices withdrawal. The non-return to oestrus method was used to determine conception rate. The onset and duration of oestrus, response to oestrus and conception rate were evaluated. The onset and duration of oestrus was analysed using one-way ANOVA, while response to oestrus, conception rate and kidding rate were analysed by using Chi-Square test. Generally, the two protocols realised 100 % response to oestrus. Onset and duration of oestrus in short-term protocol were 31.75 hrs and 31.70 hrs, respectively, while the corresponding values for long-term protocol were 33.33 hrs and 30.93 hrs. The two protocols did not significantly differ in onset and duration of oestrus, conception, kidding and twining rate. Similarly, the two mating methods did not differ significantly on conception, kidding and twining rates. The current study has an overall of conception rate, kidding and twinning rate of 71.42, 64.29 and 44.50 %, respectively. The short-term protocol following single fixed-time AI and natural mating therefore, can be alternative to long-term oestrous synchronisation protocol in dairy goats.

中文翻译：

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单次固定时间人工授精和自然交配后的短期发情同步协议作为奶山羊长期协议的替代方案

摘要 本研究调查了以下假设：在单次固定时间人工授精 (AI) 延长冷却精液和自然交配后，在奶山羊的生育管理中使用短期同步协议可能与传统的长期同步协议一样好或更好。协议。这是通过使用在热带半集约化生产系统下饲养的 Toggenburg 奶山羊设计的实验来测试的。二十八 (28) 只雌性 Toggenburg 奶山羊以完全随机的设计被随机分配到两个同步协议中，并且在每个同步协议中，动物被进一步细分为两种交配方法。发情使用短期（7 天）和长期（12 天）协议和使用自然交配和 AI 交配的动物进行同步。在受控内部药物释放 (CIDR) 装置撤出后，使用两个完整的围裙监测发情的开始和持续时间。采用不返情法测定受孕率。评估发情的开始和持续时间、对发情的反应和受孕率。使用单向方差分析分析发情的开始和持续时间，而使用卡方检验分析对发情的反应、受孕率和诱骗率。总的来说，这两种方案都实现了对发情的100%响应。短期协议的发情开始和持续时间分别为 31.75 小时和 31.70 小时，而长期协议的相应值分别为 33.33 小时和 30.93 小时。两种方案在发情的开始和持续时间、受孕、哄骗和缠绕率方面没有显着差异。同样，这两种交配方法在受孕、哄骗和缠绕率方面没有显着差异。本研究的总体受孕率、骗子率和双胞胎率分别为 71.42、64.29 和 44.50%。因此，遵循单一固定时间 AI 和自然交配的短期协议可以替代奶山羊的长期发情同步协议。