Abstract Seawater desalination is an expanding procedure to supply coastal regions with freshwater. Such developments introduce a significant amount of brine effluent into marine environments and highlight an important global need to minimize associated impact on marine environment. We review the measures adopted to manage the impacts of brine discharge in Spain by analyzing published and gray literature and empirical field data of several desalination plants. Several studies have identified the potential impacts of desalination plant effluent on marine communities and their mitigation. Applications of this knowledge have facilitated development of the Spanish desalination sector without significantly impacting the marine environment or, when identified, how such impacts have been reverted. Cooperation between industry and environmental scientists has been a crucial factor for understanding and minimizing the impacts of desalination. The application of environmental monitoring plans has further provided important tools to identify and correct the potential impacts of effluents. The example in Spain provides a comprehensive approach for minimizing the potential environmental impacts of brine discharge that can be applied in regions where desalination practices are under development.

中文翻译：

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西班牙盐水排放管理审查

摘要 海水淡化是一种向沿海地区供应淡水的扩展过程。此类发展将大量盐水流出物引入海洋环境，并突出了全球需要尽量减少对海洋环境的相关影响。我们通过分析几家海水淡化厂的已发表和灰色文献以及经验数据，回顾了为管理西班牙盐水排放的影响而采取的措施。几项研究已经确定了海水淡化厂废水对海洋社区及其缓解的潜在影响。这些知识的应用促进了西班牙海水淡化部门的发展，而不会对海洋环境产生重大影响，或者在确定后如何恢复这些影响。工业和环境科学家之间的合作一直是理解和减少海水淡化影响的关键因素。环境监测计划的应用进一步提供了重要的工具来识别和纠正污水的潜在影响。西班牙的例子提供了一种最大限度地减少盐水排放对环境的潜在影响的综合方法，该方法可应用于正在开发海水淡化实践的地区。