Abstract Land uses such as forestry are concerned with applying standardized management schemes to meet management goals and serve the interests of various actors. As a consequence of differences in actors' power to influence forest management, certain goals and silvicultural ideals will be promoted at the expense of others and thereby homogenize forest management. At the same time, “ideal” outcomes are often hard to achieve in practice and forest owners might not be willing to fully implement programs promoted by the state or industrial actors due to conflicting ideas. In southern Sweden a profit and production-oriented paradigm bolstered by powerful industrial forestry actors promotes clearcutting with Norway spruce (Picea abies) or Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris) on the areas managed for timber production. Through qualitative interviews with forestry advisors and desk research this study investigates challenges associated with promoting these production-oriented silvicultural ideals among small-scale private forest owners. The study highlights deviations of actual practices from the silvicultural ideals, and explores forest advisors’ perceptions of causes of these deviations, thereby providing insights into challenges associated with production-oriented steering through advisory services. In the studied case, owners and advisors have had to cope with extreme storms and severe browsing damages. Interviewed advisors also perceived a number other factors to be associated with deviations, such as lack of time or knowledge among owners, high costs associated with pre-commercial thinning and owner preferences.

中文翻译：

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理想与实际森林管理：在瑞典南部小规模森林所有者中促进以生产为导向的造林理想的挑战

摘要 林业等土地利用涉及应用标准化管理计划以满足管理目标并服务于不同参与者的利益。由于行动者影响森林管理的权力不同，某些目标和造林理想会以牺牲其他目标和造林理想为代价，从而实现森林管理的同质化。同时，“理想”结果在实践中往往难以实现，森林所有者可能由于想法冲突而不愿意完全实施国家或行业参与者推动的计划。在瑞典南部，由强大的工业林业参与者支持的以利润和生产为导向的范式促进了在管理木材生产区域的挪威云杉（Picea abies）或苏格兰松（Pinus Sylvestris）的砍伐。通过对林业顾问的定性访谈和案头研究，本研究调查了在小型私人森林所有者中推广这些以生产为导向的造林理念所面临的挑战。该研究突出了实际实践与造林理想的偏差，并探讨了森林顾问对这些偏差原因的看法，从而深入了解与以生产为导向的咨询服务导向相关的挑战。在所研究的案例中，业主和顾问不得不应对极端风暴和严重的浏览损坏。受访顾问还认为与偏差相关的许多其他因素，例如业主缺乏时间或知识、与商业前细化和业主偏好相关的高成本。