Abstract Eustrongylides spp. are cosmopolitan parasitic nematodes with several freshwater fish species as intermediate or paratenic hosts, rarely reported as zoonotic agents. This work aims to report, for the first time, the occurrence of this parasite in specimens of big scale sand smelt (Atherina boyeri) caught in the lake Massaciuccoli (Northwest Tuscany, Italy). Totally 3317 specimens of A. boyeri were collected in three different samplings (August–October 2019). Fish were visually examined and then submitted to artificial digestion. Visible parasites were collected and counted after both procedures, then they were identified to genus level by microscopic examination and to species level by molecular analysis of the ITS gene region. Overall, 75 nematodes identified as larval stages of Eustrongylides excisus were found (P: 2.3% 95% CI 1.8–2.8; MA: 0.02; MI: 1), in the viscera and in the muscle. A. boyeri is a highly appreciated fish species in several Italian areas as well as in various Mediterranean countries. Beside an epidemiological interest due to its role in the parasite cycle, the report of E. excisus in the study area arises possible quality and public health issues. Therefore, also considering the method of preparation of A. boyeri and that lately the increasing consumption of raw fish has also targeted freshwater fish species, it is essential to communicate the presence of this hazard and the need of applying appropriate sanitary measures to all FBOs along the supply chain and to consumers.

中文翻译：

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在马萨丘科利湖（意大利西北部托斯卡纳）的大规模沙子冶炼（Atherina boyeri）中首次检测到 Eustrongylides excisus（线虫科：Dioctophymatidae）：对公共卫生和海鲜质量的影响

摘要 Eustrongylides spp。是世界性的寄生线虫，有几种淡水鱼类作为中间宿主或平行宿主，很少报告为人畜共患病原体。这项工作的目的是首次报告在 Massaciuccoli 湖（意大利托斯卡纳西北部）中捕获的大型沙子（Atherina boyeri）标本中发现这种寄生虫。在三个不同的样本中（2019 年 8 月至 10 月）共收集了 3317 个 A. boyeri 标本。目视检查鱼，然后进行人工消化。两种程序后收集和计数可见寄生虫，然后通过显微镜检查将它们鉴定为属水平，并通过ITS基因区域的分子分析鉴定为种水平。总体而言，发现了 75 种被鉴定为 Eustrongylides excisus 幼虫阶段的线虫（P：2.3% 95% CI 1.8-2.8；平均：0.02；MI：1），在内脏和肌肉中。A. boyeri 是意大利多个地区以及地中海各国备受推崇的鱼类。除了由于其在寄生虫周期中的作用而引起的流行病学兴趣之外，研究区域中的 E. excisus 报告还可能出现质量和公共卫生问题。因此，同时考虑到 A. boyeri 的制备方法以及最近增加的生鱼消费也针对淡水鱼种类，因此必须向所有 FBO 传达这种危害的存在以及采取适当卫生措施的必要性。供应链和消费者。除了由于其在寄生虫周期中的作用而引起的流行病学兴趣之外，研究区域中的 E. excisus 报告还可能出现质量和公共卫生问题。因此，同时考虑到 A. boyeri 的制备方法以及最近增加的生鱼消费也针对淡水鱼种类，因此必须向所有 FBO 传达这种危害的存在以及采取适当卫生措施的必要性。供应链和消费者。除了由于其在寄生虫周期中的作用而引起的流行病学兴趣之外，研究区域中的 E. excisus 报告还可能出现质量和公共卫生问题。因此，同时考虑到 A. boyeri 的制备方法以及最近增加的生鱼消费也针对淡水鱼种类，因此必须向所有 FBO 传达这种危害的存在以及采取适当卫生措施的必要性。供应链和消费者。