Abstract Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) is a fruit of economic importance in Brazil. Traditionally, plants are cultivated in soil, which exposes the crops to plant-parasitic nematodes. Taking into consideration the limited information regarding the distribution and presence of the dominant nematodes, this paper presents a survey on the main plant-parasitic nematodes present in strawberry cultivation in the state of Parana, Brazil. It was carried out in 14 cities with significant strawberry production. 125 soil and root samples were collected between January and December 2017. Nematodes were morphologically identified at genus level and counted. The most frequent genera of nematodes were identified at species level. Nematodes of the genus Helicotylenchus were the most frequent in soil and roots of strawberry crops in Parana. The nematodes Helicotylenchus dihystera, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne javanica and Pratylenchus brachyurus were identified at species level. Scutellonema, Ditylenchus, Hemicycliophora, Mesocriconema and Trichodorus were also detected in this survey, but less frequently. The high frequency of H. dihystera in all strawberry producing areas in the state of Parana is worrisome, since little is known about the parasitism of this nematode species in strawberry plants. Further studies must be carried out to estimate the potential reduction in yield and quality of this fruit caused by H. dihystera as well as its interaction with soil fungi.

中文翻译：

---

巴西巴拉那草莓植物寄生线虫调查

摘要 草莓 (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) 是巴西具有重要经济意义的水果。传统上，植物在土壤中种植，这会使作物暴露于植物寄生线虫。考虑到有关优势线虫分布和存在的有限信息，本文对巴西巴拉那州草莓种植中存在的主要植物寄生线虫进行了调查。它在草莓产量高的 14 个城市开展。2017 年 1 月至 12 月期间收集了 125 个土壤和根样本。在属水平上对线虫进行形态学鉴定和计数。在物种水平上鉴定了最常见的线虫属。螺旋线虫属线虫在巴拉那州草莓作物的土壤和根中最为常见。在物种水平上鉴定了 Helicotylenchus dihystera、Meloidogyne hapla、Meloidogyne javanica 和 Pratylenchus brachyurus 线虫。在本次调查中也发现了盾形线虫、Ditylenchus、Hemicycliophora、Mesocriconema 和 Trichodorus，但频率较低。巴拉那州所有草莓产区的 H. dihystera 的高频率令人担忧，因为人们对这种线虫在草莓植物中的寄生情况知之甚少。必须进行进一步的研究，以估计由 H. dihystera 及其与土壤真菌的相互作用引起的这种果实产量和质量的潜在降低。在本次调查中也检测到了中毛虫和毛毛虫，但频率较低。巴拉那州所有草莓产区的 H. dihystera 的高频率令人担忧，因为人们对这种线虫在草莓植物中的寄生情况知之甚少。必须进行进一步的研究，以估计由 H. dihystera 及其与土壤真菌的相互作用引起的这种果实产量和质量的潜在降低。在本次调查中也检测到了中毛虫和毛毛虫，但频率较低。巴拉那州所有草莓产区的 H. dihystera 的高频率令人担忧，因为人们对这种线虫在草莓植物中的寄生情况知之甚少。必须进行进一步的研究，以估计由 H. dihystera 及其与土壤真菌的相互作用引起的这种果实产量和质量的潜在降低。