Abstract The self-standing montmorillonite/graphene oxide (Mt/GO) 2D/2D membranes were prepared by restacking exfoliated layers of montmorillonite (Mt) and graphene oxide (GO) for the multi-applications in the fields of smart actuation and wastewater treatment. Upon asymmetric exposure to humidity, the membrane strips can sense its presence by dramatic bending. The bending angle of membranes up to 50° was detected at 75.3% relative humidity (RH) with proper relative amounts of the two components and the bending angle increased with the increase of RH. Membrane bending was not observed upon exposure to asymmetric ethanol vapor, but detected once exposure to ethanol mist, reaching more than 30° for the sample with low Mt/GO ratios. Additionally, these hybrid membranes displayed a good separation of methylene blue from wastewater using two different treatment methods. Mt membrane had the maximum removal capacity of 280 mg/g using the adsorption method and the hybrid membrane with proper Mt/GO ratios showed the maximum removal of 304 mg/g through filtration technology. Therefore, Mt/GO membranes give rise to the wide potential application including solvent-driven responsive actuators and treatment of industrial wastewater.

中文翻译：

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基于蒙脱石/氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料的高性能膜和废水净化

摘要 通过重新堆叠蒙脱石 (Mt) 和氧化石墨烯 (GO) 的剥离层制备了自立式蒙脱石/氧化石墨烯 (Mt/GO) 2D/2D 膜，用于智能驱动和废水处理领域的多种应用。当不对称地暴露在潮湿环境中时，薄膜条可以通过剧烈弯曲来感知它的存在。在 75.3% 的相对湿度 (RH) 下检测到膜的弯曲角高达 50°，两种组分的相对量适当，弯曲角随着 RH 的增加而增加。在暴露于不对称乙醇蒸气时未观察到膜弯曲，但一旦暴露于乙醇雾中就会检测到膜弯曲，对于具有低 Mt/GO 比率的样品，膜弯曲达到 30° 以上。此外，这些混合膜使用两种不同的处理方法可以很好地将亚甲蓝从废水中分离出来。Mt 膜使用吸附法的最大去除量为 280 mg/g，具有适当 Mt/GO 比率的混合膜通过过滤技术显示最大去除量为 304 mg/g。因此，Mt/GO 膜产生了广泛的潜在应用，包括溶剂驱动的响应执行器和工业废水处理。