Abstract

Basic principles are examined of the application of software tools (ST) for predicting the erosion-corrosion (EC) rate to ensure the integrity of equipment and piping of nuclear power station (NPS) power units. Methods for solving the erosion-corrosion problems encountered in NPS power units have been determined. Software tools that are used most widely throughout the world to solve erosion-corrosion problems in the nuclear power industry are reviewed. The specifics in the application abroad and in Russia are highlighted. Attention is given to the successful foreign experience in improving the corrosion-erosion resistance of piping and equipment based on the solution implemented in designing NPS power units. Information is presented on the development of Russian software tools and the results of their application to render the integrity of piping and equipment of NPS power units with a VVER reactor or fast breeder reactor due to numerical prediction and early detection of the maximum allowable erosion-corrosion metal thinning. The feasibility is substantiated of using the software tools in designing new NPS power units with a VVER-1200 reactor, assessing the residual service life, and prolonging the operation of existing NPSs. Examples are given of the ways for reduction in the erosion-corrosion rate of equipment components and piping of nuclear power units, for example, by controlling the intensity of the hydrodynamic component of erosion-corrosion and proper selection of the metal. It is demonstrated that the cost of power units with a VVER-1200 reactor (including export deliveries) can be reduced by a change-over to less erosion-corrosion resistant but relatively inexpensive steels. The prospects are noted on application in practice of STs to assess the carry over of iron-rich corrosion-erosion products into the working fluid of an NPS with a VVER-reactor. It is pointed out that, when changing over to operation of NPS power units at a super-rated power, this factor should be estimated using STs, and its effect on the wear rate and location of the zones wherein is the highest rate of thinning of the pipeline walls and equipment must be considered.

中文翻译：

---

预测腐蚀速率的软件工具的应用，以确保核电站设备和动力装置管道的完整性

摘要

检验了软件工具（ST）的应用的基本原理，以预测侵蚀率（EC）来确保核电站（NPS）动力装置的设备和管道的完整性。已经确定了解决NPS功率单元中遇到的腐蚀-腐蚀问题的方法。审查了在全世界范围内使用最广泛的软件工具来解决核电工业中的腐蚀问题。突出了在国外和俄罗斯的应用程序的细节。基于在设计NPS动力装置时实施的解决方案，国外在改善管道和设备的耐腐蚀侵蚀方面的成功经验给予了关注。介绍了有关俄罗斯软件工具的开发及其应用结果的信息，这些结果通过数值预测和最大允许早期腐蚀检测的早期检测，使具有VVER反应堆或快速增殖反应堆的NPS动力装置的管道和设备的完整性成为可能。金属变薄。通过使用软件工具来设计带有VVER-1200电抗器的新NPS功率单元，评估剩余使用寿命并延长现有NPS的运行的可行性得到了证实。实施例中给出的方法为减少设备部件的侵蚀 - 腐蚀速率和核电机组的配管，例如，通过控制冲刷腐蚀和金属的适当选择液力部件的强度。事实证明，将VVER-1200反应堆的动力装置（包括出口交货）的成本降低可以通过改用耐腐蚀性能较低但价格相对便宜的钢来实现。这些前景在ST的实践中得到了应用，以评估富铁腐蚀侵蚀产物在带VVER反应器的NPS的工作流体中的残留。需要指出的是，当切换到NPS功率单元以超额定功率运行时，应使用ST估算该因数，并且该因数对区域的磨损率和位置的影响最大，其中区域的变薄率最高。必须考虑管道壁和设备。这些前景在ST的实践中得到了应用，以评估富铁腐蚀侵蚀产物在带VVER反应器的NPS工作流体中的残留。需要指出的是，当切换到NPS功率单元以超额定功率运行时，应使用ST估算该因数，及其对区域磨损率和区域位置的影响，其中区域的稀化率最高。必须考虑管道壁和设备。这些前景在ST的实践中得到了应用，以评估富铁腐蚀侵蚀产物在带VVER反应器的NPS的工作流体中的残留。需要指出的是，当切换到NPS功率单元以超额定功率运行时，应使用ST估算该因数，及其对区域磨损率和区域位置的影响，其中区域的稀化率最高。必须考虑管道壁和设备。