Suicide among adolescents is a significant health concern. Gaining more knowledge about markers that contribute to or protect against suicide is crucial. Perfectionism is found to be a personality trait that is strongly predictive for suicidality; it can be divided into personal standards perfectionism (PS) and concerns about mistakes and doubts perfectionism (CMD). This study investigated the association between PS, CMD, and suicidality in a sample of 273 Dutch secondary school students aged between 12 and 15 years old (M = 13.54, SD = 0.58, 55.8% males). We also examined whether adaptive, or maladaptive cognitive coping strategies influenced these associations. We hypothesized that students high in PS or CMD would experience an increased suicidality. Moreover, we expected that adaptive coping strategies would act as buffer between the association of perfectionism and suicidality, and that maladaptive coping strategies would strengthen this association. For analyses, we used a regression model with latent variables. The results showed that higher scores in perfectionism (PS and CMD) were related to an increase in suicidality. High levels of maladaptive coping in combination with high levels of perfectionism were associated with an increase in suicidality. Although adaptive coping was related to a decrease in suicidality, adaptive coping in interaction with PS and with CMD was not a predictor of suicidality. The results are relevant for prevention, and intervention programs. This paper makes recommendations for clinical practice and further research in order to prevent suicidality in adolescents.

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如何应对完美主义？完美主义作为自杀风险因素和认知应对在青少年中的作用

青少年自杀是一个重要的健康问题。获得更多关于有助于或防止自杀的标志物的知识至关重要。完美主义被认为是一种强烈预测自杀倾向的人格特质；它可以分为个人标准完美主义（PS）和关注错误和怀疑完美主义（CMD）。本研究调查了 273 名年龄在 12 至 15 岁之间的荷兰中学生（M = 13.54，SD = 0.58，55.8% 男性）的 PS、CMD 和自杀倾向之间的关联。我们还研究了适应性或适应不良的认知应对策略是否影响了这些关联。我们假设 PS 或 CMD 高的学生会增加自杀倾向。而且，我们预计适应性应对策略将在完美主义和自杀倾向之间起到缓冲作用，而适应不良的应对策略将加强这种关联。对于分析，我们使用了带有潜在变量的回归模型。结果表明，完美主义（PS和CMD）得分越高，自杀率越高。高水平的适应不良加上高水平的完美主义与自杀率增加有关。尽管适应性应对与自杀率降低有关，但与 PS 和 CMD 相互作用的适应性应对并不是自杀的预测因素。结果与预防和干预计划相关。本文为临床实践和进一步研究提出建议，以预防青少年自杀。