A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 83 diverse non-heading Chinese cabbage (NHCC) accessions identified 42,526 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism markers associated with turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) resistance. Seventeen associated loci were identified, along with the related genes that were differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible varieties, suggesting that they may be candidate genes for TuMV tolerance. Nine mutant genes of Arabidopsis were selected for inoculation with TuMV-GFP (green fluorescence protein) to further confirm the disease resistance of these genes. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis showed that the virus content in the Arabidopsis mutants with the homologous genes of cell wall-associated proteins, pectin methyl-esterase (PME), transcription factors (TFs), resistance gene (R), VAN3/SFC protein and F-box gene were significantly higher than that in the mutants with the homologous genes of methylation and J protein. Our results provide the basis of further study of the potential function of these candidate TuMV resistance genes and demonstrate that the described diverse NHCC can be efficiently used for GWAS of various quantitative traits. Taken together, the findings of this study will be useful to improve TuMV resistance in NHCC breeding and to discover new genes related to TuMV resistance.

使用 83 个不同的不结球白菜 (NHCC) 种质进行的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 鉴定了 42,526 个与萝卜花叶病毒 (TuMV) 抗性相关的高质量单核苷酸多态性标记。鉴定了 17 个相关位点，以及在抗性和易感品种之间差异表达的相关基因，表明它们可能是 TuMV 耐受性的候选基因。选择拟南芥的9个突变基因接种TuMV-GFP（绿色荧光蛋白）以进一步证实这些基因的抗病性。定量聚合酶链反应 (qPCR) 分析表明，拟南芥突变体中病毒含量与细胞壁相关蛋白、果胶甲酯酶 (PME)、转录因子 (TFs)、抗性基因 (R)、VAN3/SFC蛋白和F-box基因显着高于甲基化和J蛋白同源基因的突变体。我们的结果为进一步研究这些候选 TuMV 抗性基因的潜在功能提供了基础，并证明所描述的不同 NHCC 可以有效地用于各种数量性状的 GWAS。总之，本研究的结果将有助于提高 NHCC 育种中的 TuMV 抗性，并发现与 TuMV 抗性相关的新基因。我们的结果为进一步研究这些候选 TuMV 抗性基因的潜在功能提供了基础，并证明所描述的不同 NHCC 可以有效地用于各种数量性状的 GWAS。总之，本研究的结果将有助于提高 NHCC 育种中的 TuMV 抗性，并发现与 TuMV 抗性相关的新基因。我们的结果为进一步研究这些候选 TuMV 抗性基因的潜在功能提供了基础，并证明所描述的不同 NHCC 可以有效地用于各种数量性状的 GWAS。总之，本研究的结果将有助于提高 NHCC 育种中的 TuMV 抗性，并发现与 TuMV 抗性相关的新基因。