Fusarium graminearum, the major causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the U.S., can produce mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON), during infection. Contamination of wheat grain with DON is a major concern for wheat producers and millers, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set advisory levels for DON in finished wheat products for human and animal consumption. Practices utilized to manage FHB and DON contamination include planting wheat cultivars with moderate resistance to FHB and applying efficacious fungicides at the beginning of anthesis. Under severe epidemics, DON contamination can exceed FDA advisory levels despite implementation of these measures. Additionally, fungicide efficacy can be limited when anthesis is not uniform among plants in the field, which can occur when planting is delayed or if there is non-uniform seedling establishment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of (1) in-furrow phosphorus application at planting and seeding rate on heading and anthesis uniformity, FHB symptomology, DON contamination, grain yield, yield components, and test weight; and (2) harvesting at different grain moisture concentrations on FHB symptomology, DON contamination, grain yield and test weight. Field trials were established in Princeton, Kentucky, from 2017 to 2019, to evaluate in-furrow phosphorus application at planting (0 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 and 47 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1); seeding rate (377 live seeds m^-2 and 603 live seeds m^-2); and grain moisture at harvest (20 to 22% and 13 to 15%). In-furrow phosphorus increased grain yield and spikes m^-2, but had no effect on heading and anthesis uniformity or DON contamination. The 603 live seeds m^-2 seeding rate decreased the number of days to Zadoks 60 for the November planted wheat, and decreased FHB incidence, but did not decrease DON contamination. Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisture decreased Fusarium damaged kernel ratings and percent kernel infection but increased DON contamination in the harvested grain. Although in-furrow phosphorus, seeding rate, and harvesting 20 to 22% grain moisture did not decrease DON contamination, there is potential for these treatments to alleviate negative effects of late planted wheat grown in stressful environments.

禾谷镰刀菌，是小麦小麦枯萎病的主要病原体（普通小麦）在美国感染期间会产生霉菌毒素，例如脱氧雪腐酚（DON）。DON对小麦籽粒的污染是小麦生产者和制粉者的主要关切，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）已为人类和动物食用的成品小麦中的DON确定了咨询水平。用于控制FHB和DON污染的措施包括种植对FHB具有中等抵抗力的小麦品种，并在花期开始时施用有效的杀菌剂。在严重流行病中，尽管采取了这些措施，但DON污染仍可能超过FDA的建议水平。另外，当田间植物的花序不均匀时，杀真菌剂的功效可能会受到限制，当播种延迟或幼苗建立不均匀时，会出现这种情况。这项研究的目的是评估（1）在播种和播种速率下沟灌磷肥对抽穗和花粉均匀性，FHB症状，DON污染，谷物产量，产量成分和容重的影响；（2）收获不同谷物水分含量的FHB症状，DON污染，谷物产量和容重。从2017年至2019年，在肯塔基州普林斯顿建立了田间试验，以评估种植时犁沟施用磷的情况（0 kg P₂ O ₅ ha ^-1和47 kg P ₂ O ₅ ha ^-1）；播种率（377个活种子m ^-2和603个活种子m ^-2）；和收获时的谷物水分（20％至22％和13％至15％）。垄沟磷增加了籽粒的产量和峰值m ^-2，但对抽穗和花粉均匀度或DON污染没有影响。603活种子m ^-211月播种的小麦，播种量减少至Zadoks 60天，并降低了FHB发生率，但并未减少DON污染。以20％到22％的谷物水分进行收获，降低了镰刀菌损害的籽粒等级和籽粒感染百分率，但增加了收获谷物中的DON污染。尽管犁沟内的磷，播种率和收获20至22％的谷物水分并没有减少DON污染，但是这些处理有可能减轻在压力环境下种植的后期播种小麦的负面影响。