Candida auris is an emergent multidrug-resistant pathogenic yeast, which forms biofilms resistant to antifungals, sanitizing procedures, and harsh environmental conditions. Antimicrobial nanomaterials represent an alternative to reduce the spread of pathogens—including yeasts—regardless of their drug-resistant profile. Here we have assessed the antimicrobial activity of easy-to-synthesize bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) against the emergent multidrug-resistant yeast Candida auris, under both planktonic and biofilm growing conditions. Additionally, we have examined the effect of these BiNPs on cell morphology and biofilm structure. Under planktonic conditions, BiNPs MIC values ranged from 1 to 4 µg mL⁻¹ against multiple C. auris strains tested, including representatives of all different clades. Regarding the inhibition of biofilm formation, the calculated BiNPs IC₅₀ values ranged from 5.1 to 113.1 µg mL⁻¹. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations indicated that BiNPs disrupted the C. auris cell morphology and the structure of the biofilms. In conclusion, BiNPs displayed strong antifungal activity against all strains of C. auris under planktonic conditions, but moderate activity against biofilm growth. BiNPs may potentially contribute to reducing the spread of C. auris strains at healthcare facilities, as sanitizers and future potential treatments. More research on the antimicrobial activity of BiNPs is warranted.

中文翻译：

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铋纳米抗生素显示出抗念珠菌活性并破坏新兴致病性耳念珠菌的生物膜和细胞形态。


耳念珠菌是一种新出现的多重耐药病原酵母，它形成对抗真菌药物、消毒程序和恶劣环境条件具有抵抗力的生物膜。抗菌纳米材料是减少病原体（包括酵母菌）传播的替代方案，无论其耐药性如何。在这里，我们评估了易于合成的铋纳米颗粒 (BiNP) 在浮游和生物膜生长条件下对新兴多重耐药酵母菌耳念珠菌的抗菌活性。此外，我们还研究了这些 BiNP 对细胞形态和生物膜结构的影响。在浮游条件下，BiNPs 对测试的多种耳念珠菌菌株（包括所有不同分支的代表）的 MIC 值范围为 1 至 4 µg mL ^-1 。关于生物膜形成的抑制，计算出的BiNPs IC ₅₀值范围为5.1至113.1 µg mL ^-1 。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 观察表明 BiNP 破坏了耳念珠菌细胞形态和生物膜结构。总之，BiNPs 在浮游条件下对所有耳念珠菌菌株表现出很强的抗真菌活性，但对生物膜生长的活性中等。 BiNP 可能有助于减少耳念珠菌菌株在医疗机构中的传播，作为消毒剂和未来的潜在治疗方法。有必要对 BiNP 的抗菌活性进行更多研究。