Urinary tract infections represent a major public health problem as the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains among uropathogens is causing the failure of many current treatments. The use of bacteriophages (phages) and their derivatives to combat infectious diseases is an old approach that has been forgotten by the West for a long time, mostly due to the discovery and great success of antibiotics. In the present so-called “post-antibiotic era”, many researchers are turning their attention to the re-discovered phage therapy, as an effective alternative to antibiotics. Phage therapy includes the use of natural or engineered phages, as well as their purified lytic enzymes to destroy pathogenic strains. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted, and these have proved the great potential for this therapy against uropathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, to date, the lack of appropriate clinical trials has hindered its widespread clinic application.

中文翻译：

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噬菌体和溶素可作为治疗抗生素耐药性尿路感染的替代方法。

尿路感染是主要的公共卫生问题，因为尿路致病菌中抗生素耐药菌株的迅速出现导致许多当前治疗方法的失败。使用噬菌体（噬菌体）及其衍生物来抵抗传染病是一种古老的方法，西方国家已经将其遗忘了很长时间，这主要归功于抗生素的发现和巨大成功。在当前所谓的“后抗生素时代”，许多研究人员将注意力转向重新发现的噬菌体疗法，以作为抗生素的有效替代品。噬菌体疗法包括使用天然或工程化的噬菌体及其纯化的裂解酶来破坏致病菌株。已经进行了许多体外和体内研究，这些都证明了这种针对尿路致病菌治疗的巨大潜力。然而，迄今为止，缺乏适当的临床试验阻碍了其广泛的临床应用。