Smart grid systems are widely used across the world for providing demand response management between users and service providers. In most of the energy distributions scenarios, the traditional grid systems use the centralized architecture, which results in large transmission losses and high overheads during power generation. Moreover, owing to the presence of intruders or attackers, there may be a mismatch between demand and supply between utility centers (suppliers) and end users. Thus, there is a need for an automated energy exchange to provide secure and reliable energy trading between users and suppliers. We found, from the existing literature, that blockchain can be an effective solution to handle the aforementioned issues. Motivated by these facts, we propose a blockchain‐based smart energy trading scheme, ElectroBlocks, which provides efficient mechanisms for secure energy exchanges between users and service providers. In ElectroBlocks, nodes in the network validate the transaction using two algorithms that are cost aware and store aware. The cost‐aware algorithm locates the nearest node that can supply the energy, whereas the store‐aware algorithm ensures that the energy requests go to the node with the lowest storage space. We evaluated the performance of the ElectroBlocks using performance metrics such as mining delay, network exchanges, and storage energy. The simulation results obtained demonstrate that ElectroBlocks maintains a secure trade‐off between users and service providers when using the proposed cost‐aware and store‐aware algorithms.

中文翻译：

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ElectroBlocks：用于智能电网系统的基于区块链的能源交易方案

智能电网系统已在全球范围内广泛用于在用户和服务提供商之间提供需求响应管理。在大多数能源分配方案中，传统的电网系统使用集中式架构，这会导致较大的传输损耗和发电期间的高额开销。此外，由于入侵者或攻击者的存在，公用事业中心（供应商）和最终用户之间的需求和供应之间可能不匹配。因此，需要一种自动的能量交换，以在用户和供应商之间提供安全可靠的能量交易。从现有文献中我们发现，区块链可以是解决上述问题的有效解决方案。基于这些事实，我们提出了一种基于区块链的智能能源交易方案，ElectroBlocks，为用户和服务提供商之间的安全能量交换提供了有效的机制。在ElectroBlocks中，网络中的节点使用两种算法进行交易验证，这两种算法具有成本意识和存储意识。成本感知算法查找可以提供能量的最近节点，而存储感知算法确保将能量请求发送到存储空间最小的节点。我们使用性能指标（例如挖掘延迟，网络交换和存储能量）评估了ElectroBlocks的性能。获得的仿真结果表明，在使用建议的成本感知和商店感知算法时，ElectroBlocks可以在用户和服务提供商之间保持安全的平衡。