The taxonomic placement of strains belonging to the extremophilic red alga Galdieria maxima has been controversial due to the inconsistent phylogenetic position inferred from molecular phylogenetic analyses. Galdieria maxima nom. inval. was classified in this genus based on morphology and molecular data in the early work, but some subsequent molecular phylogenetic analyses have inferred strains of G. maxima to be closely related to the genus Cyanidioschyzon. To address this controversy, an isolated strain identified as G. maxima using the rbcL gene sequence as the genetic barcode was examined using a comprehensive analysis across morphological, physiological, and genomic traits. Herein are reported the chloroplast‐, mitochondrion‐, and chromosome‐level nuclear genome assemblies. Comparative analysis of orthologous gene clusters and genome arrangements suggested that the genome structure of this strain was more similar to that of the generitype of Cyanidioschyzon, C. merolae than to the generitype of Galdieria, G. sulphuraria. While the ability to uptake various forms of organic carbon for growth is an important physiological trait of Galdieria, this strain was identified as an ecologically obligate photoautotroph (i.e., the inability to utilize the natural concentrations of organic carbons) and lacked various gene models predicted as sugar transporters. Based on the genomic, morphological, and physiological traits, we propose this strain to be a new genus and species, Cyanidiococcus yangmingshanensis. Re‐evaluation of the 18S rRNA and rbcL gene sequences of the authentic strain of G. maxima, IPPAS‐P507, with those of C. yangmingshanensis suggests that the rbcL sequences of “G. maxima” deposited in GenBank correspond to misidentified isolates.

中文翻译：

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比较基因组分析揭示了氰基球菌基因。十一月，一个新的极端嗜热的红藻属姐妹，到了蓝藻纲（Cyanidioschyzonaceae，Rhodophyta）

由于分子系统发育分析推断出的系统发育位置不一致，因此属于极端嗜热性红藻最大菌Galdieria maxima的菌株的分类学定位一直存在争议。Galdieria maxima nom。inval。在早期工作中根据形态学和分子数据将该属分类为该属，但随后的一些分子系统发育分析已推断出最大的G. maxima菌株与Cyanidioschyzon属密切相关。为了解决这个争议，使用rbc将一个分离出的菌株鉴定为最大G.使用对形态，生理和基因组性状的综合分析来检查L基因序列作为遗传条形码。本文报道了叶绿体，线粒体和染色体水平的核基因组组装体。直系同源的基因簇和基因组排列的比较分析表明，该菌株的基因组结构与Cyanidioschyzon，C .的基因型更相似。 merolae比Galdieria，G. sulphuraria的基因型多。吸收各种形式的有机碳以促进生长的能力是加尔迪里亚的重要生理特征，该菌株被鉴定为具有生态专性的自养生物（即无法利用自然浓度的有机碳），并且缺乏作为糖转运蛋白预测的各种基因模型。根据基因组学，形态学和生理学特征，我们将该菌株命名为阳明山青球菌。在18S rRNA和重新评价RBC的真实应变的L基因序列G.最大值，IPPAS-P507，与那些的C. yangmingshanensis表明RBC “的L个序列G.最大值”沉积在GenBank中对应于错误识别的分离物。