The Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) in February 2017, detecting optical signatures of lightning with storm‐scale horizontal resolution during both day and night. ISS LIS data are available beginning 1 March 2017. Millisecond timing allows detailed intercalibration and validation with other spaceborne and ground‐based lightning sensors. Initial comparisons with those other sensors suggest flash detection efficiency around 60% (diurnal variability of 51–75%), false alarm rate under 5%, timing accuracy better than 2 ms, and horizontal location accuracy around 3 km. The spatially uniform flash detection capability of ISS LIS from low‐Earth orbit allows assessment of spatially varying flash detection efficiency for other sensors and networks, particularly the Geostationary Lightning Mappers. ISS LIS provides research data suitable for investigations of lightning physics, climatology, thunderstorm processes, and atmospheric composition, as well as real‐time lightning data for operational forecasting and aviation weather interests. ISS LIS enables enrichment and extension of the long‐term global climatology of lightning from space and is the only recent platform that extends the global record to higher latitudes (±55°). The global spatial distribution of lightning from ISS LIS is broadly similar to previous data sets, with globally averaged seasonal/annual flash rates about 5–10% lower. This difference is likely due to reduced flash detection efficiency that will be mitigated in future ISS LIS data processing, as well as the shorter ISS LIS period of record. The expected land/ocean contrast in the diurnal variability of global lightning is also observed.

中文翻译：

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国际空间站上三年的闪电成像传感器：扩大的全球覆盖范围和增强的应用程序

闪电成像传感器（LIS）于2017年2月发射到国际空间站（ISS），白天和黑夜以风暴级水平分辨率检测闪电的光学信号。ISS LIS数据将于2017年3月1日开始提供。毫秒级计时允许与其他星载和地面雷电传感器进行详细的相互校准和验证。与其他传感器的初步比较表明，闪光检测效率约为60％（日间变化为51-75％），误报警率低于5％，定时精度优于2 ms，水平定位精度约为3 km。来自低地球轨道的ISS LIS在空间上具有统一的闪光检测能力，可以评估其他传感器和网络（尤其是对地静止闪电映射仪）在空间上变化的闪光检测效率。ISS LIS提供适合于研究闪电物理，气候学，雷暴过程和大气成分的研究数据，以及用于运营预测和航空天气利益的实时闪电数据。ISS LIS可以丰富和扩展来自太空的长期全球闪电气候，并且是唯一一个将全球记录扩展到更高纬度（±55°）的最新平台。ISS LIS的闪电的全球空间分布与以前的数据集大致相似，全球平均季节性/年度闪光率降低了约5-10％。这种差异可能是由于降低了闪存检测效率而导致的，这将在将来的ISS LIS数据处理中得到缓解，并且ISS LIS的记录时间更短。