Abstract Oceanic oxygen-deficient zones (ODZs) encompass open ocean and coastal oxygen minimum zones and euxinic marine basins. A primary goal of this review is to demonstrate how new approaches involving lipidomics and genomics are informing how we think about ODZs. There are five parts to the review. First, a brief overview of early investigations of organic geochemistry in ODZs sets the stage for follow-on work. Second, linkages between organic biomarkers and microbial and geochemical processes are described for three key biogeochemical processes that are characteristic of ODZs: (i) oxidation of ammonium by archaea and anammox bacteria; (ii) redox cycles of metals and sulfur; (iii) the methane cycle. Third, three different approaches are presented that make possible comprehensive, integrated views of the biogeochemistry of the Black Sea, as a case study. Fourth, examples of organic biogeochemical results for ODZs in the modern ocean are projected back into the geological past to show that the same processes have been in play for eons. The final section summarizes how chemistry and biology have been combined in investigations in ODZs and concludes with some challenges for future research.

中文翻译：

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缺氧海洋中的有机生物地球化学：综述

摘要 海洋缺氧区 (ODZ) 包括公海和沿海缺氧区以及富氧海盆。本综述的主要目标是展示涉及脂质组学和基因组学的新方法如何告知我们如何看待 ODZ。审查分为五个部分。首先，对 ODZ 中有机地球化学的早期调查的简要概述为后续工作奠定了基础。其次，描述了有机生物标志物与微生物和地球化学过程之间的联系，这些过程是 ODZ 特有的三个关键生物地球化学过程：(i) 古细菌和厌氧氨氧化细菌对铵的氧化；(ii) 金属和硫的氧化还原循环；(iii) 甲烷循环。第三，提出了三种不同的方法，使对黑海生物地球化学的全面、综合的看法成为可能，作为案例研究。第四，现代海洋中 ODZ 的有机生物地球化学结果的例子被投影回地质过去，以表明相同的过程已经发生了亿万年。最后一部分总结了化学和生物学如何在 ODZ 的调查中相结合，并总结了未来研究的一些挑战。