Abstract Industry 4.0 (I4.0) aims to link disruptive technologies to manufacturing systems, combining smart operations and supply chain management (OSCM). Maturity models (MMs) are valuable methodologies to assist manufacturing organizations to track the progress of their I4.0 initiatives and guide digitalization. However, there is a lack of empirical work on the development of I4.0 MMs with clear guidelines for OSCM digitalization. There is no I4.0 MM with an assessment tool that addresses the imprecision brought by human judgment and the uncertainty and ambiguity inherent to OSCM evaluation. Here we develop a fuzzy logic-based I4.0 MM for OSCM, through a transparent and rigorous procedure, built on a multi-method approach comprising a literature review, interviews, focus groups and case study, from model design to model evaluation. To provide a more realistic evaluation, fuzzy logic and Monte Carlo simulation are incorporated into an I4.0 self-assessment readiness-tool, which is connected with the model architecture. The proposed model has been validated through a real application in a multinational manufacturing organization. The results indicate that the approach provides a robust and practical diagnostic tool, based on a set of OSCM indicators to measure digital readiness of manufacturing industries. It supports the transition towards I4.0 in OSCM domain, by holistically analyzing gaps and prescribing actions that can be taken to increase their OSCM4.0 maturity level.

中文翻译：

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基于模糊规则的工业 4.0 运营和供应链管理成熟度模型

摘要 工业 4.0 (I4.0) 旨在将颠覆性技术与制造系统联系起来，结合智能运营和供应链管理 (OSCM)。成熟度模型 (MM) 是一种宝贵的方法，可帮助制造组织跟踪其 I4.0 计划的进度并指导数字化。然而，缺乏具有明确 OSCM 数字化指导方针的 I4.0 MM 开发的实证工作。没有带有评估工具的 I4.0 MM 可以解决人为判断带来的不精确性以及 OSCM 评估固有的不确定性和模糊性。在这里，我们通过透明和严格的程序为 OSCM 开发了基于模糊逻辑的 I4.0 MM，建立在多方法方法的基础上，包括文献综述、访谈、焦点小组和案例研究，从模型设计到模型评估。为了提供更真实的评估，模糊逻辑和蒙特卡罗模拟被整合到 I4.0 自我评估准备工具中，该工具与模型架构相连。所提出的模型已通过在跨国制造组织中的实际应用得到验证。结果表明，该方法提供了一种强大且实用的诊断工具，基于一组 OSCM 指标来衡量制造业的数字化准备情况。它支持 OSCM 领域向 I4.0 的过渡，通过全面分析差距和规定可以采取的行动来提高他们的 OSCM4.0 成熟度水平。所提出的模型已通过在跨国制造组织中的实际应用得到验证。结果表明，该方法提供了一种强大且实用的诊断工具，基于一组 OSCM 指标来衡量制造业的数字化准备情况。它支持 OSCM 领域向 I4.0 的过渡，通过全面分析差距和规定可以采取的行动来提高他们的 OSCM4.0 成熟度水平。所提出的模型已通过在跨国制造组织中的实际应用得到验证。结果表明，该方法提供了一种强大且实用的诊断工具，基于一组 OSCM 指标来衡量制造业的数字化准备情况。它支持 OSCM 领域向 I4.0 的过渡，通过全面分析差距和规定可以采取的行动来提高他们的 OSCM4.0 成熟度水平。