Vaccinating decisions can be influenced by imitation as well as self-evaluation or aspiration. This work analyses vaccinating behaviours by coupling both imitation and aspiration update rules, adopting an existing set-up of the mean-field vaccination game. We incorporate the imitation mechanism with several variants of the aspiration protocol, encompassing constant and adaptive aspirations. Equations of the combined dynamics have been derived by grouping the population according to (i) vaccinating strategies and (ii) healthy and infected status within each strategy. If aspiration levels are fixed but differentiated by vaccinating strategies, then vaccinators aspiring less than non-vaccinators are found to ameliorate the vaccination coverage, thereby yielding a less infectious state. The adaptive aspirations maintain a positive correlation with the vaccine efficacy while keeping the opposite relation with vaccination cost. When vaccinating strategies, aspirations and update rules are allowed to evolve synchronously, then either the imitation or aspiration process takes over the entire population. If aspiration rules prevail, then vaccinees and non-vaccinees coexist equally (according to (i)) or vaccine uptake follows a non-monotonic trend with the efficacy (according to (ii)). The imitative rule performs better when vaccination is less expensive or cheap, while aspiration updating safeguards the tenacity of vaccinees despite vaccination being expensive.

中文翻译：

---

以模仿和吸入为指导的疫苗接种行为

疫苗接种决定可能会受到模仿以及自我评估或愿望的影响。这项工作通过结合模仿和吸入更新规则，采用平均场疫苗接种游戏的现有设置来分析疫苗接种行为。我们将模仿机制与吸入协议的几个变体结合起来，包括恒定和适应性的愿望。通过根据 (i) 疫苗接种策略和 (ii) 每种策略内的健康和感染状态对人群进行分组，得出了组合动力学方程。如果吸入水平是固定的，但因接种策略而有所不同，那么接种者的接种率低于非接种者会改善疫苗接种覆盖率，从而产生较低的传染性。适应性愿望与疫苗效力保持正相关，而与疫苗接种成本保持相反关系。当允许疫苗接种策略、愿望和更新规则同步发展时，则模仿或愿望过程将接管整个种群。如果抽吸规则占上风，则接种者和非接种者平等共存（根据 (i)）或疫苗摄取遵循与功效的非单调趋势（根据 (ii)）。当疫苗接种费用较低或便宜时，模仿规则的效果更好，而尽管疫苗接种费用昂贵，但愿望更新可以保护疫苗接种者的韧性。那么模仿或抽吸过程就会接管整个人口。如果抽吸规则占上风，则接种者和非接种者平等共存（根据 (i)）或疫苗摄取遵循与功效的非单调趋势（根据 (ii)）。当疫苗接种费用较低或便宜时，模仿规则的效果更好，而尽管疫苗接种费用昂贵，但愿望更新可以保护疫苗接种者的韧性。那么模仿或抽吸过程就会接管整个人口。如果抽吸规则占上风，则接种者和非接种者平等共存（根据 (i)）或疫苗摄取遵循与功效的非单调趋势（根据 (ii)）。当疫苗接种费用较低或便宜时，模仿规则的效果更好，而尽管疫苗接种费用昂贵，但愿望更新可以保护疫苗接种者的韧性。